The BioIntegrity Podcast BioIntegrity Partnerships

A definitive summary of the history of Life on Earth, according to the scientific record. (Scroll down for citations.) What is the value of Earth's biodiversity to modern Civilization, technology, and human beings in general? This series seeks to connect people of all backgrounds to a better understanding of what our life-support system is and how its integrity is our #1 economic and shared priority. This episode synopsizes the history of Life’s deveopment.
Each segment synopsizes the latest science in two to five paragraphs. Researcher/author, Chris Searles (director, BioIntegrity), is host. Sections 1-4 talk about “the biosphere.“ Sections 5-8 present a “biospheric climate solution“ and outline how restoring Earth's biospheric integrity is, according to the Science cited in each segment, far more valuable to human beings and our future than a tech-centric civilization and/or climate solution. 
Read The Value of Biosphere Earth, Earth’s Life Timeline

by Chris Searles, on Google Drive: https://tinyurl.com/VOBE1-timeline 
Visit our website for more: https://biointegrity.net/value


 CitationsEarth graphics

“The Pale Orange Dot” (Microbial Earth circa three billion years ago) -- Zubritsky (2017). NASA Team Looks to Ancient Earth First to Study Hazy Exoplanets. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Retrieved online, 2021. https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/nasa-team-looks-to-ancient-earth-first-to-study-hazy-exoplanets
“The Blue Marble” (Biosphere Earth, circa the year 2000) -- Stockli, Nelson (2000). Earth The Blue Marble. NASA Visible Earth. Retrieved online, 2021. https://visibleearth.nasa.gov/images/54388/earth-the-blue-marble
Timeline graphic

Microbes – citation [1] below
Protista – Early Eukaryotes. (2020, August 14). Retrieved September 24, 2021, from https://bio.libretexts.org/@go/page/13577 (also https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/eukaryotic-origins-2/)
Fungi – Lutzoni, F., et al. Contemporaneous radiations of fungi and plants linked to symbiosis. Nat Commun 9, 5451 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07849-9; Berbee, M.L., et al. Genomic and fossil windows into the secret lives of the most ancient fungi. Nat Rev Microbiol 18, 717–730 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-0426-8
Plants & Animals – citation [2]
Modern humans – citation [6]
1. First Microbes

“3.5 Billion years ago.” Sim, M.S., et al. Role of APS reductase in biogeochemical sulfur isotope fractionation. Nat Commun 10, 44. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07878-4 Science: Biology, Chemistry, Earth. doi:10.1126/science.aar7944. (2017) https://sciencemag.org/news/2017/12/life-may-have-originated-earth-4-billion-years-ago-study-controversial-fossils-suggests
“4.47 Billion years ago.” Service, R. How an ancient cataclysm may have jump-started life on Earth. Science: Chemistry, doi:10.1126/science.aaw606. (2019) https://sciencemag.org/news/2019/01/how-ancient-cataclysm-may-have-jump-started-life-earth 
2. First plants & animals
• “Around 600 million years ago.” Bobrovskiy, I., et al. Ancient steroids establish the Ediacaran fossil Dickinsonia as one of the earliest animals. Science 361 (6408), 1246-1249. (2018) DOI: 10.1126/science.aat7228. From “Confirming the identity of early animals” inset. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/361/6408/1246
3. Earth’s biosphere has taken form several times, last 600 million years
• Dutfield, S. The 5 mass extinction events that shaped the history of Earth — and the 6th that's happening now. Live Science. Retrieved online. (2021) https://www.livescience.com/mass-extinction-events-that-shaped-Earth.html
4. Greater diversity & attributes with each iteration
• Eisenberg, L.The Tree of Life. Evogeneo. (2017) https://www.evogeneao.com/en
5. Forming roughly 65 million years before the first homo sapiens
• Penninsi, E. How Life Blossomed After the Dinosaurs Died. Science: Evolution, Palentology, Plants & Animals.

We are rebooting The Value of Biosphere Earth podcast series, starting with a focus on the meaning of the word, biosphere. In this episode, author/researcher Chris Searles reads an extremely-well cited synopsis of the academic research on why other-Life, Earth’s biodiversity of plants, animals, fungi, microbes, etc., is the most valuable and intelligent thing in the known universe. (Citations below.) 
Read The Value of Biosphere Earth, A Self-Generating Stack, 

by Chris Searles, on Google Drive: https://tinyurl.com/VOBE2-stack


Visit our website for more: https://biointegrity.net/value


 ProgramI. Intro0:00  Welcome1:15   Premise
II. Reading the paper
1:39  Paragraph 1, Biosphere Earth  
3:05  Paragraph 2, Smarter than our Computers 
             The software stack analogy
            See the diagram in the paper for a visual: https://tinyurl.com/VOBE2-stack 
III. Comments 5:00  Life itself is miraculous
          The life-support system built itself over the last 4 billions of years
6:25  Chris goes through the diagram in paper
          Our life-support system = 
          inanimate elements of Earth (minerals & climate conditions) 
          + interactive, intelligent, relational life-layers, 
          which ultimately led to and presently creates our everyday life-support system, 
         (aka. Nature, as we know it).
NOTE-   The Human Life-Support System is essentially: 
    a) Food, Clothes, Fuel, Atmosphere, Freshwater, etc. (interactive products generated by…)
     b) Plants, Animals, Wilderness Ecosystems (macro life)  
     c) Protista, Soils, Fungi, Microbes, Microbiomes (micro life) 
     d) Rocks, Minerals, Chemicals, Climate Conditions (non-living elements) 
   A STACK… all of the above elements interacting, constantly, to create this planetary life-support system. More on this in podcast #4 in this series, Ecosystem Services. 
7:45 This planetary life-support system for humans is EXCEPTIONALLY RESOURCEFUL: self-integrating, adaptive, self-healing, self-correcting. It appears to always be going towards MORE diversity of life (more biodiversity) when climate conditions are favorable.
9:15 Earth 3 billion years ago & Earth now 
CitationsImages and Oxford  • “The Pale Orange Dot” (Microbial Earth circa three billion years ago) – Zubritsky. NASA Team Looks to Ancient Earth First to Study Hazy Exoplanets. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. (2017) https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/nasa-team-looks-to-ancient-earth-first-to-study-hazy-exoplanets  •  “The Blue Marble” (Biosphere Earth today) -- Stockli, Nelson. Earth The Blue Marble. NASA Visible Earth. (2000) https://visibleearth.nasa.gov/images/54388/earth-the-blue-marble • “Definition of biosphere”. Oxford University Press. Lexico.com. 30 September 2021. https://www.lexico.com/definition/biosphere
No other planet known to contain organisms after thousands surveyed • NASA Exoplanet Archive. Infrared Analysis and Processing Center, California Institute of Technology. [Retrieved 20 August 2021.] https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu• University of Puerto Rico, Arecibo. Habitable Exoplanets Catalog. Planetary Habitability Catalog, University of Puerto Rico, Arecibo. [Retrieved 29 September 2021.] http://phl.upr.edu/projects/habitable-exoplanets-catalog.• Kaufman, M. Life, Here and Beyond. Astrobiology at NASA. [Retrieved 17 August 2020.] https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/about/
Science has established that the foundation for human existence is simple and complex life • Chimeleski, Kolter. Microbes gave us life. Stat. (2017) https://www.statnews.com/2017/12/21/microbes-human-life/• Ellison, et al. Trees, forests, water: Cool insights for a hot world. Global Environmental Change 43: 51-61. (2017) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.01.002• Malmstrom, C. Ecologists Study the Interactions of Organisms and Their Environment. Nature Educa

In this check-in conversation Harrison talks about how he's rebuilding the soil and addressing malnutrition in semi-arid, rural Kenya, with all-organic, regenerative farming techniques.

Harrison Aron is an outstanding young man in rural Kenya, growing a community garden to feed +1,000 people, and BioIntegrity wants YOU to help.

How to stop and reverse climate change this decade and this century by repairing land ecosystems, restoring biodiversity, and advancing our way of life.

Janene Yazzie is an outstanding Navajo American leader. Here are a few highlights from her interview with Vance Blackfox on AllCreation.org.