Show Notes: The Minimal Pair Title: What is the last P in PARSNIP? Episode no: 014 Date: Recorded on 8/7/14 Topics in Language Learning EFL vs. ESL What’s the difference? EFL – English as a Foreign Language is taught to a mostly homogenous group of ELLs in a non-English speaking country ESL – English as a Second Language is taught to any group of ELLs, primarily immigrants, in an English speaking country) Objectives EFL Less urgency/ irrelevant to daily routine – speakers don’t need English in their everyday lives Topical– literature, cinema, art, culture, conversation, etc. are all courses that could be offered ESL More urgency/practical – speakers need to use English to survive, so they’re less concerned with technicalities Holistic – communication skills, reading, writing, ESP, “big picture”/long-term purposes Our experiences… Planning/preparation: EFL Focus on practice, especially speaking, pronunciation, and conversation Exposure to authentic English Reasons/motivation ESL Hands on/suitable for immediate needs Explicit cultural instruction Integration Sources: Oxford University Press, English Language Teaching Global Blog, article by Kate Bell – oupeltglobalblog.com Teaching ESL to Adults – www.teaching-esl-to-adults.com [19:00] Methodology Audio learners Identifying auditory learners Good memory for conversations, jokes, music, lyrics, etc. Enjoy discussion, debate, conversation, listening to music, etc. Sing/hum/whistle to themselves Prefer oral presentations to written reports May read slowly and/or have trouble interpreting graphs, maps, charts, etc. Teaching Tips Beginning Read directions aloud (while projecting them on the board or providing a handout) Paraphrase/restate directions, especially difficult words Allow students to record lectures Word association/verbal mapping Reading aloud (alone or with someone) Books on tape Mnemonic devices, like PARSNIP (stay tuned!) Intermediate Assigning oral presentations to supplement written work Incorporating music and videos to supplement reading/lecture Allow students to record lectures Word association/verbal mapping Reading groups to share/supplement written journals Advanced Assigning oral presentations to supplement written work “What questions do you have?” (rather than “Do you have any questions?”) Ask them questions, too Encourage active participation so students get a variety of input from people with different backgrounds, levels of fluency, accents, etc. Listening to/creating podcasts Source: The Study Gurus, “Study Advice for Auditory Learners,” article by Clare – www.thestudygurus.com [38:57] Culturally speaking… Taboo topics PARSNIP Politics Alcohol Religion Sex Narcotics –isms What does the last P in PARSNIP stand for? Tips for teachers – countdown: 5. Raising cultural awareness 4. Know your audience 3. Warm, but not hot (let them discuss something without it getting too heated) 2. R-E-S-P-E-C-T 1. Keep it neutral Source: LinkedIn Group, TESOL International Association, discussion started by Anes Abdelrahim Mohamed on July 4th
