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-23 min

EPICURUS: Four Steps to a Good Life (Epicureanism)

Read Epicurus's Letter: http://weltgeist.tv/epicurusEpicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived in the 3rd century BC. The philosophy named after him, Epicureanism, is based on actionable advice and typical Greek moderation. Commonly misunderstood as plain hedonism, Epicureanism offers adherents a good life in four steps. They are about the gods, good things, bad things, and even death. Epicureanism offers something of an alternative to Stoicism, even though both philosophies tend to use the same concepts, such as "ataraxia" and "aponia".
-1 h

The Philosophy of Ghosts

Support us on Patreon, get access to exclusive videos:▶ https://www.patreon.com/WeltgeistYTMore on Schopenhauer's World as Will and Representation:▶ https://youtu.be/f-djIdl8WO4OUR ANALYSES: ▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_ITIMESTAMPS:00:00 Introduction04:18 The 19th century & the paranormal12:34 Schopenhauer's supernatural experiences16:43 Schopenhauer's philosophy and the paranormal37:06 Dreams and ghosts58:38 Ghosts and dreams01:02:29 Magic and the end of philosophySchopenhauer was always fascinated with the paranormal. He had over 100 books on ghosts, magic, hypnotism, sleepwalking, dreams, etc. in his personal library. This fascination he wisely kept out of his main work of philosophy, The World as Will and Representation, but in his collection of essays, we find a veritable philosophy of "spirit apparitions." Schopenhauer is characteristically modest in this essay and offers a first step towards a more complete philosophy of the paranormal. Because he is convinced that belief in ghosts is innate in humans, and therefore, if a philosophy claims to explain the whole world and every possible experience, these human, all-too-human experiences must find a place in it also.He makes a connection with dreams, and posits that ghosts could potentially have an ideal existence (ideal as in, from transcendental idealism) as opposed to a materialist or spiritualist existence.How does that work? Through an organ in the brain that he calls the dream organ... Because dreams prove that the brain is capable of generating images without any external stimuli. In going to sleep, the brain switches between modes: it goes from dealing with the external world, to dealing with the internal world. There is an in-between moment though, when this switch happens. And there is were ghost apparitions come in. You make the room dark and quiet, the brain directs energy away from the processes that take care of the external world, and it focuses on the internal world... Sometimes it can create visions, but imperfect ones: they have a dreamlike gauze, they disappear if you focus your eye on them, they have a translucent, ethereal sheen to them... Ghosts. The subjective experience of seeing a ghosts is then mirrored in his philosophy because the subjective experience must have an objective counterpart in the Will. A ghost apparition then, requires two rare phenomena to occur together: two persons with strong connections to the world as Will who meet in the strange in-between zone of subjective and objective reality. How all of this works exactly, Schopenhauer isn't sure. But he is hopeful scientists of the future will figure it out...
-2 h

NIETZSCHE Explained: Slave Morality in Beyond Good and Evil (part 3)

WATCH:NIETZSCHE Explained: Beyond Good and Evil (part 1):https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kG9Djq6PVK8NIETZSCHE Explained: Will to Power in Beyond Good and Evil (part 2):https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ap9lkhHizUIn this third and (for the moment) final part on Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil, we explore the concept of slave morality. Particularly as it pertains to Christianity and Schopenhauer's philosophy. A lot of what is said in this video, is elaborated on in Nietzsche's subsequent work, On the Genealogy of Morals. If this video does well, we will release a full video on this seminal philosophical work.Nietzsche's main critique on Christianity is that the Christian is weak; anti-life; unnatural. Why? Because the Christian (as does Schopenhauer) regards this world as not that important: it's a preparation for the afterlife. Christians think this because they are a powerless class, as opposed to the ancient Romans who were their historical enemies. The slave revolt in morals is a famous Nietzschean concept and appears together with "ressentiment" in full glory in On the Genealogy of Morals, but is alluded to in Beyond Good and Evil as well. In that way, this video serves as a good bridge between Beyond Good and Evil and Genealogy of Morals.We highly recommend you watch the other parts in this series before watching this one.
-3 h

The ONLY Great Character in the Bible | Nietzsche

Support us on Patreon, get access to exclusive videos:▶ https://www.patreon.com/WeltgeistYTTIMESTAMPS:00:00 Introduction04:36 The Antichrist06:46 The Quest for the Historical Jesus17:23 The Buried Jesus24:57 The Evasive Jesus34:02 The traditional view41:43 Nietzsche’s viewREAD: Balthasar Gracian's Pocket Oracle and Art of Worldly Wisdom: https://amzn.to/3CdvRUkOUR ANALYSES: ▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_INietzsche's The Antichrist is a provocative book in many ways. Among its many controversial and heretical claims, there is one that stands out: Nietzsche says Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor who oversaw the trial of Jesus and his crucifixion, is the only character in the New Testament worthy of honor. Why is that? Because in Nietzsche's view, he enriched the New Testament "with the only saying that has any value"; his famous question to Jesus: "what is truth?"For Nietzsche, this sentence is at once the destruction of Christianity. And in light of Nietzsche's later philosophy, it is also an indictment of philosophy itself. First, Nietzsche has an idiosyncratic view of the person of Jesus and the composition of the Gospels. In short, he believes that much of the Gospels consists of additions and mythologizations by the disciples of Jesus, who, in their quest for revenge against those who crucified their Master, ascribed to Jesus attitudes and ideas that were absent in Jesus himself. Most notably, Jesus never speaks in terms of absolute truth but always exists in the strange space between yes and no, such as when he says to render undo Caesar what is Caesar's. But it's with the Apostles that terms like reward, punishment, saved versus damned, sinfulness versus blessedness... truth versus lie come into the fold. It's Nietzsche's conviction that Jesus never intended to start a religion or to relay dogma, but to bequeath to mankind a new way of life. His disciples however, greatly misunderstood him. Hence Pilate's question, is at once a kind of pre-emptive destruction of what Christianity became under the influence of the Apostles: a new religion was created, with a set of dogmas to follow. Pilate pre-emptively sowed the seeds of its destruction with his quip, asking would-be Christians "what is truth?"Second, Nietzsche sees in Pilate a fore-runner for himself. Pilate took a local, historical, political quarrel ("should I sentence this Jesus fellow or not?") and turned it into a philosophical quarrel. What is truth? For Nietzsche, this is a deeply profound statement, as Nietzsche more and more starts to question the value of truth itself, just like Pilate seemed to do 2000 years ago. For Nietzsche, the "will to truth" is the last "prejudice of the philosopher", the last unquestioned presupposition that we all uncritically accept as self-evidently true. It's worthwhile to pursue truth, that's what all philosophy tries to do, after all. But Nietzsche asks: is it really? Why do we prefer truth? Why not rather untruth? In this, he sees a kindred spirit in Pilate, who utters the only "philosophical phrase" in the whole New Testament, and for added dramatic effect, he asks the question to the personification of Truth himself: Jesus Christ.
-4 h

NIETZSCHE Explained: Will to Power in Beyond Good and Evil (part 2)

The Will to Power is one of the most famous concepts in Nietzsche's philosophy. In this video we will explore the concept as it appears in the work, Beyond Good and Evil. This is part two in a planned three-part series on Friedrich Nietzsche's 'Beyond Good and Evil' alone. If you want to know when the other parts come out, please subscribe. Nietzsche's problem with the old philosophers of the past, such as Kant, Descartes, Spinoza, and Schopenhauer, continue. He accuses these philosophers not of having a will to Truth, but of having a will to Power. He then asks us the question: can this will to power explain the state of affairs in the world? Do we even need Christianity, or some complex “otherworldy” philosophy, like those of Schopenhauer, Spinoza, or Kant? What if the world is Will to Power — and nothing besides? What does that look like? This video explores Nietzsche’s tentative answer.WATCH part 1 here:NIETZSCHE Explained: Beyond Good and Evil (pt. 1):https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kG9Djq6PVK8
-5 h

Why Goethe Matters and Where to Start Reading Him

RECOMMENDATIONS:▶ All-In One Dramatization (free w/ trial: Werther, Faust, & more): https://amzn.to/48tHcTu▶ The Essential Goethe: https://amzn.to/4pmYur7▶ The Sorrows of Young Werther: https://amzn.to/4pVbKmM▶ Goethe: Life as a Work of Art by Rüdiger Safranski: https://amzn.to/3KvJf03▶ Also as audiobook (free with trial): https://amzn.to/4a3jzlR▶ Faust performance on YouTube: https://youtu.be/qaogjXLdPow▶ Faust performance on DVD (careful to pick the right DVD option US/EU): https://amzn.to/3Mwwp21▶ Conversations with Goethe by Eckermann: https://amzn.to/48XAp4mFor Werther, Faust, Torquato Tasso, the Green Serpent, and more: get the dramatization audiobook. For Faust, Wilhelm Meister, Torquato Tasso, poems, essays on science and nature: get the Essential Goethe book.For a complete round-up: get Eckermann. TIMESTAMPS:00:00 Introduction01:27 Life as a work of art03:06 The Sorrows of Young Werther06:22 Faust, Part One12:59 Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship18:14 Torquato Tasso19:04 The Green Serpent and the Beautiful Lily20:05 Conversations with Goethe21:14 ConclusionSupport us on Patreon, get access to exclusive videos:▶ https://www.patreon.com/WeltgeistYTOUR ANALYSES: ▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_IAt no cost to you, if you get an Audible Premium membership through the links posted here, I'll make a small commission. Thank you for supporting the channel!
-6 h

SCHOPENHAUER Explained: The World as Will and Representation (ALL PARTS)

Arthur Schopenhauer is one of the most influential German philosophers. His philosophy of the Will has influenced thinkers and scientists such as Sigmund Freud, Charles Darwin, Friedrich Nietzsche, and even Albert Einstein. In many ways, Schopenhauer will also anticipate existentialism. In this documentary on the philosophy of Schopenhauer, we take a deep dive into Schopenhauer's magnum opus: The World as Will and Representation. We look at Schopenhauer's metaphysical system, his indebtedness to Immanuel Kant, and his philosophy of the Will. This video also explores Schopenhauer's ethics and focuses on two recommendations: compassion and asceticism. We also introduce the concept of "agape", or divine love. Schopenhauer's intense focus on the individual, could be seen in some ways as a precursor to the existentialism movement later in philosophy. Thirdly: Schopenhauer has sometimes been called "the artists' philosopher" because of his lasting influence on art. Art, for Schopenhauer, is a way for us to forget our suffering, even for only a short time. And music was the most perfect means to do so. Lots of artists took Schopenhauer's aesthetic theory to heart and felt emboldened in the pursuit of their craft as a result. We also touch upon his rediscovery of the Platonic Ideas.
-7 h

Nietzsche REALLY Hated Priests

To try everything Brilliant has to offer—free—for a full 30 days, visit https://brilliant.org/Weltgeist/ . You’ll also get 20% off an annual premium subscription.Support us on Patreon, get access to exclusive videos:▶ https://www.patreon.com/WeltgeistYTOUR ANALYSES: ▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_ITIMESTAMPS:00:00 Introduction02:56 Insanity and censored works05:24 The Law against Christianity07:57 Philosophy of Insanity? 10:00 First proposition14:09 Second proposition25:53 Third proposition26:26 Fourth proposition32:14 Fifth proposition34:17 Sixth proposition40:38 Seventh propositionNietzsche's The Antichrist was written in 1888 but only published 6 years later. Publication was delayed because not long after writing the work, Nietzsche started writing his so-called "insanity letters" (Wahnbriefe) to friends, which caused them concern for his mental well-being. He signs these letters as either The Crucified One or Dionysus, and claims (among other things) he has created the world and that the Pope should be shot.His friends are concerned and send him to the doctor while they take control over the manuscript of The Antichrist. The book would not see publications for over half a decade.Ostensibly, because they thought this book was written while Nietzsche was already mentally unwell and that therefore, it shouldn't be considered a serious work of philosophy of his. But actually, the book itself is very straightforward, sets out arguments in a neat, orderly manner -- totally unlike his later insanity letters. No, the book was more than likely withheld because of its radical anti-Christian contents.The final page of the book, a declaration of a "Law against Christianity" was initially omitted from the work because it was thought to be a separate note that wasn't necessarily intended to be included. Later scholarship has proven that this enigmatic final page should indeed be part of the Antichrist, but even today many editions lack this concluding section of the work.It was suppressed for its radical tone and anti-Christian sentiment. Why? Nietzsche is, characteristically for this period, hyperbolic and radical. He lists seven propositions, policy proposals, that together make up his "Law against Christianity."In summary, they are:1) Priests should be locked up2) Church services are an attack on public morality3) The birthplace of Christianity should be razed to the ground4) Chastity is anti-nature5) Associating with priests should be a crime6) Words like “God”, “savior” and “redeemer” should be used as insults, fit for criminals7) All the rest follows from this.This video takes a deeper dive into each proposition Nietzsche wrote down here, and examines them in the light of his earlier philosophy. Was this final page the work of a madman, writing on the edge of insanity, or does it follow logically from his earlier work?This video was sponsored by Brilliant.

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Philosophy, video essays. New videos every week.

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Weltgeist
Années d’activité

2026
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42
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