orthodontics In summary

Farooq Ahmed
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Farooq brings the key points, references and understandings from keynote webinars and papers in a concise podcast. Providing easy access to gain the most from our esteemed speakers and experts. *Important to note the information is from our interpretation as individual professionals, and may incorporate our opinions*

  1. The Bioprogressive Theory Revisited | Orthodontics In Interview | SERGIO SAMBATARO

    6. Mai

    The Bioprogressive Theory Revisited | Orthodontics In Interview | SERGIO SAMBATARO

    The BioprogressiveTheory Revisited  | Orthodontics In Interview |  Sergio Sambataro   "Whenyou say Class II, to me, you say nothing. We must look for the etiology of themalocclusion — not just the teeth, but the function behind them."   "Ifyou extrude the upper molar, the condyle goes downward, and you have morevertical growth of the ramus. Ricketts showed this very clearly back in the 60sand we have published the same result at the University of Milan."   "Oneof the principles in Class II correction is: first open the bite, and thencorrect the overjet. This is not just mechanics — it is logic."   "Satoonce said — if you ask why he doesn't use retainers, he answers with anotherquestion: why do you use retainers? Because you know your job is notstable."     I'm joined by Dr. Sergio Sambotaro from Sicily, for adeep dive into Bioprogressive Orthodontics, principles established by Rickettsand still debated today.   We explore the cause of a malocclusion from abioprogressive perspective, the focus on vertical facial types determiningtreatment mechanics and anchorage. We examine the decompression theory of the ClassII case, and the role of the cervical headgear and utility arches. We turn tothe mechanics of sectional treatment over full-arch straight wire, and whereTADs fit in with the bioprogressive philosophy. We tackle the contestedevidence around transpalatal arch anchorage, and what the research may bemissing.     Please like and subscribe if you find it useful!   Please visit the website for this interview podcast: https://orthoinsummary.com/the-bioprogressive-theory-revisited-orthodontics-in-interview-sergio-sambataro/   . Spotify podcasts for other platforms   . YouTube https://youtu.be/Y-JgUkR9rSU .       #OrthodonticsInSummary#SergioSambataro#Orthodontics #bioprogressive #TADs #OrthodonticsInInterview #FarooqAhmed @SergioSambataro   Farooq Ahmed   🕒Timestamps of Key Questions & Answers01:45 What Is the Bioprogressive Understanding of Malocclusion?04:53 How Does Facial Pattern Define the Class II and Class III in Terms ofthe Vertical?11:56 Can We Modify Facial Growth in All Cases?13:49 Can Breathing Pattern Be Changed With Orthodontics?15:32 How Do Cervical Headgear and Utility Arches Work Together in Class IICorrection?19:20 How Important Is Bracket Prescription in Bioprogressive TherapyVersus Straight Wire?22:37 What Are the Key Differences Between Bioprogressive Mechanics andConventional Straight Wire?26:14 Intrusion Arches Versus TADs — Does the Evidence ChallengeBioprogressive Principles?31:18 Does the Research on Transpalatal Arch Anchorage Loss Undermine theBioprogressive Approach?34:33 Do You Use MEAW Wires in Clinical Practice — and How Effective AreThey?38:18 Can a Great Occlusal Result Eliminate the Need for Retention?

    43 Min.

  2. 22. Apr.

    Aligner Planning and Mechanics | Orthodontics In Interview | WADDAH SABOUNI

    "If you anticipate, we can reduce the treatment time with aligners."   "I never look at the simulation as the final outcome. For me, the simulation is only how the forces should be orientated to the teeth."   "Fixed braces are more efficient to treat extraction cases. Not because we cannot do it with aligners, but because aligners need more auxiliaries and more work to achieve the same quality of movement."   "10 years ago when we talked about aligners, everyone was looking at us like we are doing only small alignment. Today we are able to see very advanced complicated cases."     The podcast was recorded live at this years European AlignerSociety meeting.   Please like and subscribe if you find it useful!   Please visit the website for this interview podcast: https://orthoinsummary.com/aligner-planning-and-mechanics-orthodontics-in-interview-waddah-sabouni/ . Spotify podcasts for other platforms . YouTube https://youtu.be/TDMfjtMdvxQ .       #OrthodonticsInSummary#Waddahsabouni#Orthodontics #aligners #TADs #OrthodonticsInInterview #FarooqAhmed #EAS #Europeanalignersociety   Farooq Ahmed I'm joinedby Wadah Sabouni, for a focused exploration of clear aligner therapy and theevolving boundaries of aligners. We examine how science has informed the limitsof tooth movement, why overengineering and auxiliaries are complementary ratherthan opposing strategies, and what a study revealed about the surprisingdifferences between digital setup software platforms. We turnedto the biomechanics of extraction cases with Ying Yang mechanics as well asWaddah’s use of short class 2 elastics for distalisation mechanics. If mandibularadvancement with aligners are fad or innovation. We close with reflections on adecade of the European Aligners Society, and where the field must go to bringaligner orthodontics to its potential.🕒Timestamps of Key Questions & Answers01:54 When Do You Choose Auxiliaries?03:38 Overengineering vs Auxiliaries – How Do You Decide?05:02 Are Occlusal Outcomes Poorer With Aligners in Extraction Cases?06:40 What Are Ying Yang Attachments and Do They Solve the ExtractionProblem?06:46 Does Software Setup Algorithm Matter More Than We Think?08:33 Should CBCT Integration Be Standard in Aligner Planning?09:10 Why Do You Use Short Class II Elastics For Aligner DistalisationMechanics?10:51 Are Mandibular Advancement Aligners Fad or Innovation?12:46 What Does 10 Years of the European Aligners Society Mean for theProfession?

    15 Min.
  3. The Ortho-Perio Interface? 12 MINUTE SUMMARY

    8. Apr.

    The Ortho-Perio Interface? 12 MINUTE SUMMARY

    Join me for look at the orthodontic -periodontal interface, the latest evidence looking at the effects of orthodontic tooth movement as well what periodontal surgery can offer in recession management. This podcast is a summary of Christos Kassaro and Anton Spurrier’s excellent lecture, as part of the AngleNet Webinar Series.   Timestamp 0:44 – At 1-year recession risks of orthodontics 2:30 – At 15-year recession risks of orthodontics 4:37 – Retainer relapse: "X" & "Twist" effects 5:13 – Biomechanics: Using mixed bracket slots for torque 6:17 – Perio surgery principles & donor sites 7:54 – Flap designs: Full vs. split-thickness 8:14 – Surgical techniques: MCAT vs. LCT 9:27 – Timing: Surgery before vs. after ortho? 10:33 – Surgical adjuncts: Hyaluronic acid     Orthodonticaetiology at 2 time points: 1.    During active orthodonticmovement  2.    During retention phase     Kloukos2025 1year follow up study of adult orthodontic patients Vs  control ·     1 year post debond of non-extractiontreatment at 67% greater incidence of recession within the orthodontic group (IRR = 1.67,95% CI: 1.05, 2.67, P = 0.03). Five main findings: 1.    Recessionlocation: canines and first premolars, 2.    Proclination:incisor proclination of 6.35o with no recession 3.    Recessionin control group: increased but less than orthodonticgroup 4.    Recessionquantity: Generally small at 1 mm 5.    Reductionin recession for some: Both groups showedsome patients had a reversal of their recession     Long term though what do we see? ·     Gebistorf 2018 Swiss group ·     At 15 years 77% of orthodonticpatients had 1-14 areas of recession, ·     Control group who had 62%. ·     Greater recession on lingual aspectthan labial ·     2.73 x more recession with crossbitescorrected (95% CI, 0.28-5.17; P = 0.029)   ·     Crowding in controls: 3 mm =  3.29 x more recessions (95% CI, 0.73-5.68; P =0.012)   Orthodontics onaverage does not compromise long term health or function, but may compromise aesthetics   Fixed Braided Retainers   ‘X’effect (torque) or twist effect (proclination) unwanted movement from wire activation ·     Not relapsed as new movement  ·     Occurrence: 2.7% (n=221 patients) –Renkema 2011   Treatment‘X’ effect   1-   Differentialslot side                                      i.     Affectedtooth - .18 slot with -17 degrees of torque                                    ii.     Remainingteeth.22 slot with 0 torque                                  iii.     Sideeffect of intrusion of incisor, due to slot differences     Periodontal Surgery concepts: Indication: inadequate gingiva = 2 mm Zhong 2025 ·     Wound healing o   Flapdesign to enhance wound stability – avoid vertical releasing incisions ·     Connective tissue graft, harvest itfrom the palate. o   Keratinizedtissue and quantity o   Mostavailable, quick healing Karring 1975 o   fibroblastfrom the palate biological potential to inducekeratinization.      Surgicaltechniques: 1-   Fullthickness: mucosa, connective tissue and includes periosteal layer 2-   Splitthickness: mucosa and connective tissue   ·      Timingof surgery Surgeryafter orthodontics ·     Only when the teeth are in the correctposition ·     Favorable environment for the woundhealing.  ·     Usual timing of surgery   Surgerybefore orthodontics ·     Require more tissue for the orthodonticmovement:   Adjuststo surgery   1-   Amelogenins attach proteins to the rootsurface.  2-   Hyaluronicacid promotehealing through attracting proteins.      Expert consensus on orthodontic treatment of patients with periodontal disease. Zhong2025 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11965299/     Contributions Contents:Shanya Kapoor Editedand produced: Farooq Ahmed

    12 Min.
  4. The Hidden Biomechanics of Fixed Appliances & Aligners | Orthodontics In Interview | MADHUR UPADHYAY

    25. Feb.

    The Hidden Biomechanics of Fixed Appliances & Aligners | Orthodontics In Interview | MADHUR UPADHYAY

    “The reality is none of us use light continuous forces.”   “Friction is awesome. Friction is great, we would be miserable if there was no friction… (with) uncontrolled movement everywhere”   “Segmented arch mechanics are very tough to gain three-dimensional control over the tooth.”   “The last major landmark in fixed appliance and in orthodontics was the pre-adjusted edgewise appliance.”   “The root is not moving according to the wish of the orthodontist (with aligners)”   I’m joined by Madhur Upadhyay for a deepexploration of biomechanics, biology, and the true limits of orthodontic innovation. We examine advances in appliances, aligners, and digital workflows and why they have, as of yet, not improved speed or quality of clinical outcomes,and innovation is still governed by the same biological constraints that dictated tooth movement a century ago. However progress has been significant in workflows for both fixed and aligner therapy.   We also discuss why complex biomechanics arerarely implemented in routine practice, whether pre-adjusted appliances were the last major landmark innovation, and what aligners can, and cannot, achieve in terms of root control in terms of biomechanics. The conversation extends toartificial intelligence in diagnosis and treatment planning, asking whether automation enhances clinical care or gradually replaces critical thinking. We conclude with thoughts of micro and nano-plastics and the focus needed on this topic in orthodontics.   Please like and subscribe if you find it useful!   Please visit the website for this interview podcast: https://orthoinsummary.com/the-hidden-biomechanics-of-fixed-appliances-aligners-orthodontics-in-interview-madhur-upadhyay/   . Publications by Madhur Upadhyay Biomechanics of clear aligners: hidden truths & firstprinciples 2022 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejwf.2021.11.002 ClearAligners in Extraction-Based Orthodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review andMeta-Analysis 2026 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.70052       #OrthodonticsInSummary# Madhurupadhyay #Orthodontics #biomechanics #TADs #OrthodonticsInInterview #FarooqAhmed #OrthodonticBiomechanics #DentalEducation   Farooq Ahmed 🕒Timestamps of Key Questions & Answers01:43 Are We Overestimating Orthodontic Innovation?02:41 If Technology Has Advanced, Why Is Fixed Appliance Treatment No Quicker?08:55 Why Are Aligners Still Only 50% Predictable?12:23 Why Are Biomechanical Set Ups of Cantilevers Unpopular In ClinicalPractice?22:41 Have Bracket Prescriptions Stopped Innovation?26:42 MBT vs Roth – Does Prescription Really Matter?28:22 Can Aligners Truly Move Roots,  OrIs It Just Tipping?33:37 Is Software Innovation Just a Distraction from Aligner Material Limits?36:15 AI in Orthodontics, Will It Replace Clinical Thinking?43:00 What Are The Most Misunderstood Concepts in Biomechanics51:07 The Micro and nano-plastic in Aligners

    54 Min.
  5. MISMARPE / DOME what is it?

    11. Feb.

    MISMARPE / DOME what is it?

    MISMARPE / DOME what is it?   Join me for a look at maxillary expansion combining both surgery with miniscrews. Seemingly opposite ideas have been brought together to offer potentially greater versatility in expansion, with less surgical complexity andcomplications.       MISMARPE – minimally invasive surgery miniscrew assistedrapid palatal expansion Haas 2021 Or DOME Distraction Osteogenesis Maxillary Expansion Liu2017   Protocol ·     Osteotomy o  Anterior vertical incision interdental toperiform fossa o  Lateral incisions to the base of zygomaticprocess of maxilla o  Without releasing the pterygomaxillary suture o  Activate in surgery up to 20x ensure diastema o  Duration 24 minutes (14.4-32) Junior 2021 o  Less pain – Mild on VAS ·     Expansion o  7 days no expansion o  Expansion of rate 0.25 - 0.50 mm, § Some until diastema and slow to 0.25 per day     Advantages   ·     Less osteotomies required ·     Under sedation or local anaesthetic ·     Greater anchorage for force delivery throughminiscrews ·     Less intra-operative haemorrhage – due to a lackof pterygopalatine disjunction ·     Parallel expansion – Lin 2015 Vs V shapeexpansion   Age Limitation of MARPE was age, with 20-30 years females 94% 20-30years males 80%, MARPE success 30-37 = 20% Olivera 2021, MISMARPE 96% successage 20-59, 24 patients majority over 30 years old Piccoli 2023.   Expansion amount ·     Direct comparison show no significant differenceda Silva 3mm, and no difference in molar angulation 2023   Indicated for: ·     Failed MAPRE ·     Age- greater 30 females and 25 for males Could MISMARPE / DOME replaceSARPE?

    6 Min.

  6. 28. Jan.

    Direct To Print Aligners, Will It Change Clear Aligner Therapy? 8 MINUTE SUMMARY

    Direct To Print Aligners,Will It Change Clear Aligner Therapy? 8 MINUTE SUMMARY   In this episode, I review direct-to-print alignersand how the material offers potential biomechanical advantages through itsmaterial properties when compared with conventional thermoplastic aligners. Theunique feature of force recovery of the material and current emerging evidence.The episode also explores the current limitations of the evidence base anddiscusses why, despite theoretical advantages, direct-to-print aligners havenot yet entered routine clinical practice. This podcast is based on a recent lectureby Jean-Marc Retrouvey.   Timestamp 00:27 – What are direct-to-print aligners? 01:10 – How do direct-to-print aligners deliver force? 02:39 – Push and pull forces and adaptation 03:58 – Reactivation with heat, unique force recovery 05:09 – Variable aligner thickness 07:08 – Why haven’t direct-to-print aligners changed aligner therapy yet?     Material photopolymer resins   Force delivery – Push and Pull Engage with undercuts not possible with thermoformedaligners o  Deliver forces to areas seen as non-engagedsurfaces § Non-engaged surface – greater displacement thanTFA (Hertan 2022)   Force delivery – Adaptation ·     Closer adaptation 20-30% more accurate 30um or 0.03mm (48 um Graphy Zendura, Essix Ace and DPA Koenig2022). ·     Uniform thickness                                                                                             i.        TFA Non-uniform thickness – due thermal process, thinner areasend of aligner                                                                                          ii.        TFA sharp distribution around attachment / transition   Force delivery material properties ·     TFA Stress relaxation – Reduce force with time,12 hours reduce 60%, DPA reduce to around 50%, but with recovery increase to75% Xu 2025                                                                                             i.        Moment to force ratio more sustained for bodilymovement, in vitro study     ·     Thickness customisation o  Creating a force couple: 0.8 labial, Vs 0.5mmlingual , creating moment within the aligner       Direct to Print Aligners 2 types: Shape memory Vs Activememory ·      Similarclaims: 1.       Re-activate force recovery through heating inwater reactivation and reverse stress relaxation and creep 2.       Customise thickness, trimlines and auxiliaries 3.       Less attachments 4.       Speed of printing aligner 5.       Less wastage   ·      Shapememory: Graphy 2019 1.       Transition temperature – low 45 degrees, from30-45 degrees = increase temperature = reduce force. Re-activates inside themouth to maintain properties. Choi 2025   ·      Activememory LuxCreo 2022 1.       Transition temperature – high 60 degrees =maintain elasticity 2.       Re-activated with warm water  = restores mechanical properties     Challenges:   1.       Little clinical research to support biomechanicalsuperiority 2.       Loss of force from insertion Xu 2025 50% in 12hours 3.       Effectiveness seems camparable for mild to moderatecases: a.       PAR change DPA 86%, refinement of 40% VanessaKnode 2025, b.       PAR change TFA 88.9% Jaber 2022, refinement of 70-94%Ladewig 2005, Kravitz 2023       See Jean-Marc Retrouvey’s lecture in full: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7fJmxgXHqU   Previous podcast on Direct To Print Aligners February2024 https://orthoinsummary.com/direct-to-print-aligners-are-they-really-different-to-normal-aligners-8-minute-summary/   #aligneronorthodontics #directtoprint #orthodontics #orthodonticsinsummary #Farooqahmed #Orthodontics #Luxcreo #graphy #clearalignertherapy

    9 Min.
  7. Has MARPE Found Its Place?

    7. Jan.

    Has MARPE Found Its Place?

    Has MARPE Found Its Place?   Join me for our first podcast of 2026 looking at Miniscrew AssistedExpansion, and where this treatment modality currently stands in clinicalpractice. With discussions of different designs (MSE Vs MARPE), rapid andslow activation protocols, orthopaedic effects, and predictors of success.   Thispodcast is a summary based on an excellent lecture from Angle-Net by DanieleCantarella and Benedict Wilmes.   01:18 – MSE vs MARPE designs: key differences03:55 – Anchorage, bone quality, and force delivery05:29 – Skeletal effects: parallel suture split and expansion amounts06:42 – Asymmetry, resistance areas, and biomechanics07:00 – Class III correction: where MARPE really adds value09:26 – Rapid vs slow activation and what actually happens to bone10:28 – Predicting success: age limits, failure rates, and when to considersurgery #MARPE #MSE #expansion #orthodontics #orthodonticsinsummary #Farooqahmed #Orthodontics #dentalpodcast#orthodonticcommunity

    13 Min.
  8. Reflections on 20 years in Orthodontics | Orthodontics In Interview | BJÖRN LUDWIG

    17.12.2025

    Reflections on 20 years in Orthodontics | Orthodontics In Interview | BJÖRN LUDWIG

    Reflections on 20 years in Orthodontics | Orthodontics In Interview | BJÖRN LUDWIG “We focused so much ontechnology that maybe we neglected diagnostics.”   “Anecdotal is inspiring,but we need evidence for the average orthodontist.”   “If we don’t protectacademic journals, orthodontics becomes vulnerable,  legally and professionally.”   “Orthodontics grows whenwe are open, critical, and enquiring.”       In this special episode, I’m joined by BjörnLudwig for a reflective conversation recorded during the few weeks of hispublic speaking career, as he brings his landmark Ortho 50 series to aclose. We look back on two decades of clinical practice, academic leadership,and contribution to the orthodontic community, and ask whether modernorthodontics has truly improved on the outcomes of the 1990s.   We discuss evidence versus clinicalexperience, the impact of technology on diagnosis and treatment planning, thepressures facing academic publishing, and the evolving role of key opinionleaders. Björn also speaks candidly about family, health, Oscar and legacy, andhis decision to step back from speaking in orthodontics, offering thoughtfulinsight into what really matters in an orthodontic career.     02:41 – Why is today’s orthodontics nobetter than the outcomes in the 1990s? 04:54 – How do we improve outcomes intoday’s clinical practice? 06:36 – Evidence vs experience: shouldwe trust trials or clinical experience? 09:13 – When research proves us wrong, howshould orthodontists respond? 11:19 – The role of your parents inshaping your orthodontic career 14:06 – As Editor-in-Chief of Kieferorthopädie,what changes have you seen over the last decade? 17:59 – Do Key Opinion Leaders help orharm orthodontics? 21:37 – Quick fire: proudest research, 3best clinical tools, and 3 biggest clinical regrets 27:52 – What advice would you give tothe next generation of orthodontists? 29:51 – Health, Ortho 50, and knowingwhen to step back   Click on the link below to view previous episodes, to refresh topics,pick up tricks and stay up to date.     Please like and subscribe if you find it useful!   #OrthodonticsInSummary#BjörnLudwig#Orthodontics #ortho50 #TADs #OrthodonticEvidence #OrthodonticsInInterview #FarooqAhmed #OrthodonticBiomechanics #OrthodonticResearch #DentalEducation   Farooq Ahmed   🕒Timestamps of Key Questions & Answers

    34 Min.
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Farooq brings the key points, references and understandings from keynote webinars and papers in a concise podcast. Providing easy access to gain the most from our esteemed speakers and experts. *Important to note the information is from our interpretation as individual professionals, and may incorporate our opinions*

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    Farooq Ahmed
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    2020 - 2026
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