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31/07/2019
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06/04/2021

12 MAR

Mystery covid methane spike solved

Six years ago, as countries around the world went into COVID lockdowns, the air got cleaner. Factories slowed down, roads emptied and aeroplanes were grounded. As people stayed home, the world burned fewer fossil fuels and so carbon dioxide emissions dropped. But something else was also happening in the atmosphere. Levels of methane, an extremely potent greenhouse gas that warms the planet even faster than CO2, rose faster in 2020 than at any point since records began in the 1980s. And methane levels kept on rising during 2021 and 2022. Ever since, scientists have been trying to piece together what caused this sudden mysterious increase in methane. Now, they think they have the answer – and it was partly due to COVID lockdowns. In this episode, we speak to Philippe Ciais, a researcher at the Laboratory for Environmental and Climate Science at Université Paris-Saclay in France, and one of the authors of a new study in the journal Science about the spike in methane levels, who explains how they solved the mystery. This episode was written and produced by Mend Mariwany and Katie Flood and Gemma Ware was the executive producer. Mixing by Eleanor Brezzi and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Read the full credits for this episode and sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. Pourquoi les émissions de méthane ont-elles bondi de 2020 à 2023 ? Une étude permet enfin de répondreWhy fixing methane leaks from the oil and gas industry can be a climate game-changer – one that pays for itselfCoronavirus lockdowns cut global carbon emissions by an estimated 7% – what happens now?Methane emissions are at new highs. It could put us on a dangerous climate path Mentioned in this episode: The Making of an Autocrat Search "The Conversation Weekly" for our new series: The Making of an Autocrat. Is America watching its democracy unravel in real time? In The Making of an Autocrat from The Conversation, six of the world’s pre-eminant scholars reveal the recipe for authoritarian rule. From capturing a party, to controlling the military, Donald Trump is borrowing from the playbook of strongmen thoughout history. This is the story of how democracies falter — and what might happen next.

12 mar

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23 min
4 ENE

The Making of an Autocrat: co-opt the military

In November, six Democratic lawmakers recorded a video directed at members of the US military and intelligence agencies. In it, they issued a blunt reminder: "The laws are clear: you can refuse illegal orders. […] You must refuse illegal orders." The lawmakers were issuing the warning against the backdrop of US airstrikes on boats off the coast of Latin America the Trump administration claims are suspected drug runners. Many Democrats and legal experts, however, argue these strikes are illegal. Since returning to office, Trump has successfully expanded his power over his own party, the courts and the American people. Now, like many autocrats around the world, he’s trying to exert control over the military. In the final episode of The Making of an Autocrat, Joe Wright, a political science professor at Penn State University, says: "I am very concerned that getting the military to do illegal things will not only put US soldiers at more risk when they do engage in international missions in the future […] it’s a first step to using the military to target domestic political opponents. That’s what really worries me." This episode was written by Justin Bergman and produced and edited by Isabella Podwinski and Ashlynne McGhee. Sound design by Michelle Macklem.

4 ene

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18 min
29 ENE

How Iran shut down the internet

On January 8, as thousands of Iranians took to the streets in nationwide protests, the government cut off the internet. Under cover of digital darkness, the Iranian regime launched a brutal and deadly crackdown against anti-government protesters. After three weeks of internet blackout, reports from web traffic monitor Netblocks suggest that the internet is slowly coming back online but predominantly for government-approved users. Yet for most of the shutdown, banks and some local government websites and apps still worked. And that’s because Iran is developing its own, national internet, cut off from the rest of the world. In this episode, we speak to Amin Naeni, a PhD candidate researching digital authoritarianism at Deakin University in Australia, about how Iran built one of the world’s most sophisticated systems of digital control. This episode was written and produced by Mend Mariwany and Gemma Ware with editing help from Katie Flood. Mixing by Michelle Macklem and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Read the full credits for this episode and sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. Iran’s universities have long been a battleground, where protests happen and students fight for the futureIran’s biggest centres of protest are also experiencing extreme pollution and water shortagesThis is the playbook the Iranian regime uses to crack down on protests – but will it work this time?Why Iran can’t afford to shut down the internet forever – even if the world doesn’t actIran’s latest internet blackout extends to phones and Starlink Mentioned in this episode: The Making of an Autocrat Search "The Conversation Weekly" for our new series: The Making of an Autocrat. Is America watching its democracy unravel in real time? In The Making of an Autocrat from The Conversation, six of the world’s pre-eminant scholars reveal the recipe for authoritarian rule. From capturing a party, to controlling the military, Donald Trump is borrowing from the playbook of strongmen thoughout history. This is the story of how democracies falter — and what might happen next.

29 ene

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28 min
12 FEB

How Minneapolis is organising against ICE

Whenever federal immigration agents pull up to a location in Minneapolis, people take their whistles out, start blowing them and start filming. In December, US government sent more than 2,000 Immigration and Customs and Enforcement (ICE) agents into Minnesota in December as part of Operation Metro Surge. The residents of the metropolitan area known as the Twin Cities – Minneapolis and St. Paul – quickly came together to protect and support their neighbours at risk of being caught up in ICE raids. In this episode, we speak to Daniel Cueto-Villalobos, a doctoral candidate at the University of Minnesota, who lives in southern Minneapolis and studies race, religion and social movements. He tracks the neighbourhood groups that have sprung into action in response to the ICE presence back to mutual networks set up during the 2020 Covid pandemic and in the wake of the murder of George Floyd by a Minneapolis policeman. This episode was written and produced by Katie Flood with editing help from Mend Mariwany. The executive producer is Gemma Ware. Mixing by Michelle Macklem and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Read the full credits for this episode and sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. I’m a former FBI agent who studies policing, and here’s how federal agents in Minneapolis are undermining basic law enforcement principlesFrom Colonial rebels to Minneapolis protesters, technology has long powered American social movementsMinnesota raises unprecedented constitutional issues in its lawsuit against Trump administration anti-immigrant deploymentThe contradictions of ‘Minnesota nice’ Mentioned in this episode: The Making of an Autocrat Search "The Conversation Weekly" for our new series: The Making of an Autocrat. Is America watching its democracy unravel in real time? In The Making of an Autocrat from The Conversation, six of the world’s pre-eminant scholars reveal the recipe for authoritarian rule. From capturing a party, to controlling the military, Donald Trump is borrowing from the playbook of strongmen thoughout history. This is the story of how democracies falter — and what might happen next.

12 feb

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25 min
22 ENE

A lost US military base under Greenland's ice sheet

In the summer of 1959, a group of American soldiers began carving trenches in the Greenland ice sheet. Those trenches would become the snow covered tunnels of Camp Century, a secret Arctic research base powered by a nuclear reactor. Camp Century operated for six years, during which time the scientists based there managed to drilling a mile down to collect a unique set of ice cores. But by 1966, it had been abandoned, deemed too expensive and difficult to maintain. Today, Donald Trump’s territorial ambitions for Greenland continue to cause concern and confusion in Europe, particularly for Denmark and Greenlanders themselves who insist their island is not for sale. One of the attractions of Greenland is the gleam of its rich mineral wealth, particularly rare earth minerals. Now that Greenland’s ice sheet is melting due to global warming, will this make the mineral riches easier to get at? In this episode, we talk to Paul Bierman, a geologist and expert on Greenland’s ice at the University of Vermont in US. He explains why the history of what happened to Camp Century – and the secrets of its ice cores, misplaced for decades, but now back under the microscope – help us to understand why it’s not that simple. This episode was written and produced by Mend Mariwany and Gemma Ware with editing help from Katie Flood. Mixing by Michelle Macklem and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Read the full credits for this episode and sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. Why Greenland is indispensable to global climate scienceGreenland is rich in natural resources – a geologist explains whyGreenland: Staying with the Polar Inuit. How a secret military base helped trigger the silent collapse of an Arctic worldThe US military has cared about climate change since the dawn of the Cold War – for good reason Mentioned in this episode: The Making of an Autocrat Search "The Conversation Weekly" for our new series: The Making of an Autocrat. Is America watching its democracy unravel in real time? In The Making of an Autocrat from The Conversation, six of the world’s pre-eminant scholars reveal the recipe for authoritarian rule. From capturing a party, to controlling the military, Donald Trump is borrowing from the playbook of strongmen thoughout history. This is the story of how democracies falter — and what might happen next.

22 ene

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28 min
15 ENE

A new treaty to protect our oceans

In a moment being celebrated by global marine conservationists, a new UN high seas treaty comes into force on January 17 providing a new way to govern the world's oceans. The UN high seas treaty will allow for the creation of protected areas in international waters, like national parks. But the treaty has some grey areas – notably its powers to regulating fishing in international waters, and mining of the seabed. In this episode we speak to Callum Roberts, professor of marine conservation at the University of Exeter in the UK, about how the treaty came to be and the challenges now facing its implementation. This episode was written and produced by Mend Mariwany and Gemma Ware. Mixing by Michelle Macklem and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Read the full credits for this episode and sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. Global power struggles over the ocean’s finite resources call for creative diplomacyTargets to save 30% of the ocean by 2030 aren’t being met, new report revealsThe historic High Seas Treaty is almost reality. Here’s what it would mean for ocean conservationA landmark treaty could protect the high seas – and spark new conflicts

15 ene

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22 min
27/06/2024

Gen Z di dunia kerja: apa yang membuat generasi ini berbeda?

Seiring dengan banyaknya Gen Z yang telah menyelesaikan masa studi dan masuk ke dunia kerja, diskusi tentang generasi “digital native” ini makin sering terdengar. Beberapa orang menilai kehadiran pekerja Gen Z sangat kontras dibandingkan dengan generasi-generasi sebelumnya hingga kerap membuat pekerja senior menggaruk kepala akibat fenomena ini. Sebagai contoh, akun anonim di platform X (dahulu Twitter) bercerita mengenai seorang pegawai yang masuk dalam kategori Gen Z tidak serius dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaannya.. Respons publik pun beragam. Ada sebagian orang yang mengeluhkan pegawai Gen Z ini memang tidak memiliki etos kerja yang baik, namun ada juga beberapa orang yang berpendapat pendekatan kepada pegawai mereka harus menggunakan cara yang berbeda untuk menghindari permasalahan ini. Lantas, bagaimana menurut ahli mengenai fenomena Gen Z ditempat kerja yang sedang ramai dibahas ini? Dalam episode SuarAkademia terbaru, kami berdiskusi dengan Annisaa Miranty Nurendra, Dosen Jurusan Psikologi dari Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII). Annisaa mengatakan, Gen Z memang memiliki karakteristik yang unik dan berbeda dengan generasi sebelumnya (milenial dan Gen X). Menurutnya, Gen Z adalah generasi yang sejak lahir sudah menjadi piawai menggunakan internet sehingga mereka bisa mendapatkan segala bentuk informasi dengan cepat, suka mempelajari hal-hal baru, dan mengutamakan passion dalam menggarap pekerjaan. Karakter generasi ini di dunia kerja juga dianggap Annisaa berbeda dengan generasi lain. Ia melihat Gen Z condong mementingkan fleksibilitas, apresiasi dan pengakuan dalam pekerjaan serta memiliki rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi. Manajemen perusahaan perlu memahami hal ini untuk menciptakan harmoni di lingkungan kerja. Berbicara mengenai banyaknya keluhan tentang perilaku Gen Z pada saat bekerja, Annisaa menganggap pentingnya komunikasi dalam hubungan antargenerasi dan bagaimana hal itu bisa menjadi alat untuk memahami dan saling berkembang. Ia menekankan perlunya menghindari egosentrisme sebagai proses pembelajaran. Ia menambahkan perusahaan perlu melakukan penyesuaian kebijakan manajemen dan menerapkan gaya kepemimpinan yang tidak statis agar sesuai dengan perubahan demografi pekerja. Simak episode lengkapnya hanya di SuarAkademia —ngobrol seru isu terkini, bareng akademisi.

27/06/2024

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32 min
12/06/2025

Pemerintah cairkan BSU: solusi lesunya daya beli masyarakat?

Pemerintah Indonesia kembali menggulirkan program Bantuan Subsidi Upah (BSU) sebagai bagian dari upaya menjaga daya beli masyarakat pekerja di tengah tekanan ekonomi. Program ini mulai dicairkan pada 5 Juni 2025, menyasar para buruh dan pekerja yang memenuhi syarat tertentu sesuai regulasi ketenagakerjaan dan kebijakan ekonomi nasional. BSU ini dirancang sebagai bentuk intervensi fiskal langsung untuk membantu kelompok pekerja yang terdampak dinamika ekonomi seperti deflasi atau menurunnya daya beli masyarakat. Bantuan ini diberikan sebesar Rp300.000 per bulan selama dua bulan (Juni–Juli) dan langsung dicairkan sekaligus sebesar Rp600.000 pada bulan Juni. Pemerintah mengalokasikan dana sebesar Rp10,72 triliun untuk pelaksanaan program BSU tahun ini. Di tengah tantangan seperti inflasi dan ketidakpastian global, pemerintah berharap bantuan semacam ini bisa menjadi stimulan bagi masyarakat supaya tetap bisa menggerakkan roda ekonomi. Apakah pemberian BSU ini benar benar menjadi solusi jitu untuk menggerakkan perekonomian negara yang belakangan dianggap lesu? Dalam episode SuarAkademia terbaru, kami membahas isu ini bersama Jaya Darmawan, peneliti ekonomi dari Center of Economic and Law Studies (CELIOS). Jaya berpendapat BSU menjadi salah satu instrumen andalan pemerintah untuk merespons tekanan ekonomi yang dialami masyarakat kelas pekerja. Meskipun program BSU bermanfaat dalam jangka pendek, ia menganggap besaran bantuannya belum mampu mengimbangi tekanan ekonomi saat ini. Salah satu masalah yang menurut Jaya juga perlu disoroti adalah kriteria kelayakan penerima manfaat. Banyak pekerja tidak memenuhi syarat bantuan karena batasan administratif yang tidak mempertimbangkan kompleksitas kerja informal. kriteria penerima BSU ini membuat pekerja yang ada di sektor informal kerap luput dari jangkauan bantuan sosial, meskipun mereka berada dalam posisi paling rentan secara ekonomi. Meskipun kebijakan pemerintah ini perlu disambut dengan baik, namun Jaya beranggapan langkah-langkah ini masih belum cukup untuk mendorong daya beli masyarakat secara berkelanjutan. Ia berpendapat perlu ada pergeseran arah kebijakan dari sekadar bantuan jangka pendek menuju strategi jangka panjang yang lebih menyeluruh. Fokus kebijakan pemerintah sebaiknya tidak hanya memperbaiki daya beli secara sementara, tetapi juga membuka akses terhadap pekerjaan yang layak dan mendukung pekerja untuk keluar dari sektor informal. Menurutnya, pemerintah perlu memikirkan strategi yang lebih komprehensif untuk menciptakan kebijakan ekonomi yang tidak hanya responsif terhadap krisis, tetapi juga berorientasi pada transformasi sosial dan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan. Simak episode lengkapnya hanya di SuarAkademia—ngobrol seru isu terkini, bareng akademisi.

12/06/2025

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33 min
19/08/2021

The biological switch that could turn neuroplasticity on and off in the brain

The Conversation Weekly podcast is taking a short break in August. In the meantime, we're bringing you extended versions of some of our favourite interviews from the past few months. This week, how researchers discovered a biological switch that could turn on and off neuroplasticity in the brain – the ability of neurons to change their structure. We speak to Sarah Ackerman, a postdoctoral fellow at the Institute of Neuroscience and Howard Hughes Medical Institute at the University of Oregon, about what she and her team have found and why it matters. This episode of The Conversation Weekly features an extended version of an interview first published on April 29. The Conversation Weekly is produced by Mend Mariwany and Gemma Ware, with sound design by Eloise Stevens. Our theme music is by Neeta Sarl. You can sign up to The Conversation’s free daily email here. Full credits for this episode available here. Further reading: Astrocyte cells in the fruit fly brain are an on-off switch that controls when neurons can change and grow, by Sarah DeGenova Ackerman, University of OregonSwimming gives your brain a boost – but scientists don’t know yet why it’s better than other aerobic activities, by Seena Mathew, University of Mary Hardin-BaylorWhat is brain plasticity and why is it so important?, by Duncan Banks, The Open University

19/08/2021

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16 min
04/05/2023

Cloud seeding can increase rain and snow, and new techniques may make it a lot more effective

Small amounts of rain can mean the difference between struggle and success. For nearly 80 years, an approach called cloud seeding has, in theory, given people the ability to get more rain and snow from storms and make hailstorms less severe. But only recently have scientists been able to peer into clouds and begin to understand how effective cloud seeding really is. We speak with three researchers about the simple yet murky science of cloud seeding, the economic effects it can have on agriculture and research that may allow governments to use cloud seeding in more places. Featuring Katja Friedrich, Associate Professor of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder; Dean Bangsund, Research Scientist in Agribusiness and Applied Economics at North Dakota State Univeristy; and Linda Zou, Professor of Civil Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering at Khalifa University. This episode of The Conversation Weekly was produced and written by Katie Flood. Sound design was by Eloise Stevens, and our theme music is by Neeta Sarl. Full credits for this episode are available here. Sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. Further reading: Cloud seeding might not be as promising as drought-troubled states hopeWhat would it feel like to touch a cloud?Does cloud seeding work? Scientists watch ice crystals grow inside clouds to find out

04/05/2023

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43 min

Listen to experts explain the world around us and tell the stories behind brand new research. Podcasts from The Conversation, an independent source of news and views, sourced from the academic and research community. Shows in English, French and Bahasa Indonesia. Free to listen.