The Post-Quantum World

Protiviti

Follow The Post-Quantum World, where Protiviti and our guests explore quantum computing and its business impacts, benefits and threats. Quantum computing capabilities are exploding, causing disruption and opportunities, but many technology and business leaders still don’t understand the impact quantum will have on their business. Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready. In our bi-weekly podcast series, The Post-Quantum World, Protiviti Associate Director and host Konstantinos Karagiannis is joined by quantum computing experts to discuss hot topics in quantum computing, including the business impact, benefits and threats of this exciting new capability. Visit www.protiviti.com/postquantum to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready. For questions or additional information, contact Konstantinos Karagiannis: konstantinos.karagiannis@protiviti.com.

  1. 1 day ago

    22,000 Qubits to Crack RSA – with Théau Perronin of Alice & Bob

    Forget needing millions of qubits to break the internet. According to a bombshell new quantum computing paper from Alice & Bob, factoring RSA-2048 could soon take just 22,593 physical cat qubits and 3.14 days. Even more concerning for cryptocurrency holders, a similarly sized quantum machine could crack Bitcoin’s elliptic curve cryptography in a mere 60 minutes, putting millions of exposed addresses (including Satoshi Nakamoto’s untouched stash) at immediate risk. CEO and co-founder Théau Perronin returns to join host Konstantinos Karagiannis and unpack how his team slashed their previous qubit estimates by more than 15x, moving beyond theoretical back-of-the-envelope math to map out every single gate across the entire compilation chain.   Théau pulls back the curtain on the hardware milestones and tough trade-offs required to make this compact architecture a reality, including pushing cat qubit bit-flip resilience to a full century and keeping systems calibrated against passing streetcars over multi-day runs. We also dive into how autonomous AI experimentalists are now running live physics tests inside Alice & Bob’s labs, why the window for Q-Day is rapidly narrowing, and why upgrading software won't save organizations that leave vulnerable IoT hardware nodes exposed.     For more on Alice & Bob, visit https://alice-bob.com/. Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.   Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker              Questions and comments are welcome!   Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.   The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

  2. 28 Oct

    Quantum Safe Networking – with Terry Cronin of Toshiba

    For years, the cybersecurity world treated Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) like rival factions, and dismissed QKD as a niche technology requiring expensive dark fiber. In this episode, Terry Cronin, VP of Business Development and Marketing at Toshiba, joins host Konstantinos Karagiannis to shatter those outdated myths. Terry breaks down how Toshiba, alongside Ciena and Quantum Corridor, recently achieved a blistering 1.6 terabits per second over standard, existing lit fiber using multiplexed quantum signals. He also pulls back the curtain on Toshiba’s newly announced Quantum Safe Networking (QSN) platform, explaining how new single-box transceivers, hub-and-spoke architectures, and ETSI-compliant software-defined networking are making hardware-based quantum security practical for telcos, hyperscalers, and enterprises. No team of quantum physicists required.   Beyond the hardware, this conversation is a wake-up call about the harsh realities of the PQC transition ahead of the quantum computing threat. As the industry realizes that migrating to post-quantum algorithms is neither free nor fast, and with some modality roadmaps estimating Q-Day as early as 2028, Mosca’s theorem is officially out of time for long-shelf-life data. Tune in to hear why QKD is emerging not as a competitor to PQC, but as a critical defense-in-depth layer and an immediate bridge solution for organizations that can't afford to wait five to eight years to complete their cryptographic migrations. Plus, hear how Toshiba’s quantum-inspired Simulated Bifurcation Machine (SBM) fits into the broader vision of optimizing future networks.   For more on Toshiba, visit https://www.toshiba.eu/solutions/quantum/. Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.   Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker              Questions and comments are welcome!   Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.   The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

  3. 14 Oct

    Combining Atoms and Photons in a New Type of QPU – with Professor Barak Dayan of Quantum Source

    Most quantum computing modalities face difficult hurdles with connectivity and scaling. Trapped atoms are great at interacting to run quantum calculations, but connecting millions of them together can be an engineering challenge. Photons are fantastic for fast communication and can link systems through standard fiber-optic cables, but because they pass right through one another without touching, getting them to interact and perform quantum gates usually requires massive, complex workarounds. In this episode, Professor Barak Dayan, Chief Scientist and Co-Founder of Quantum Source, joins host Konstantinos Karagiannis to explain how combining the two creates a completely new kind of quantum computer: a hybrid atom-photon machine that captures the best of both.        Quantum Source traps single rubidium atoms inside tiny glass vacuum cavities to act as direct go-betweens, cleanly entangling passing photons on demand without requiring massive cryogenic setups or impossibly identical light pulses. Prof. Dayan, who literally holds up the hardware resonator during the conversation (if you watch on YouTube), explains how this approach acts like an ultra-fast quantum sewing machine, weaving qubits together in nanoseconds to enable modular, rack-based scaling. Discover how this unique hardware design tackles error correction, unlocks flexible long-range connectivity, and targets a fully fault-tolerant logical qubit by 2029.     For more on Quantum Source, visit https://www.qs-labs.com/.  Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.   Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker              Questions and comments are welcome!   Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.   The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

  4. 30 Sept

    Qiskit and Quantum Utility – with Sanket Panda of IBM Quantum and Izhar Medalsy of Quantum Elements

    Quantum computing is rapidly crossing the chasm from low-level physics experiments to practical, enterprise-grade problem-solving. In this episode, host Konstantinos Karagiannis sits down with IBM Quantum Product Lead Sanket Panda and Quantum Elements CEO Izhar Medalsy to uncover how the modern Qiskit ecosystem is stripping away hardware complexity. From Qiskit’s core Rust rewrite slashing transpilation times from an hour to mere milliseconds, to the introduction of modular Qiskit Functions, the conversation reveals how high-performance software engineering is enabling researchers to focus strictly on domain discovery, such as chemistry and optimization, rather than circuit tuning.     At the center of this breakthrough is Orbit, Quantum Elements’ error-suppression function. Medalsy breaks down how Orbit uses precise dynamical decoupling to actively stabilize idle qubits and protect dynamic, branching circuits without altering the underlying gate structure. It even takes error suppression into the logical qubit realm. Paired with AI-trained digital twins and a shared roadmap pointing toward fault-tolerant systems like IBM Starling, Panda and Medalsy deliver an inside look at how AI workflows, modular software, and hybrid error management are unlocking real scientific utility today.     For more on IBM Quantum, visit https://www.ibm.com/quantum.     For more on Quantum Elements, visit https://quantumelements.ai/. Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.   Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker              Questions and comments are welcome!   Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.   The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

  5. 16 Sept

    Diamonds in the Rack: Room-Temp Quantum Computing – with Marius Grundmann of SAXON Q

    Quantum computing has long been trapped inside massive dilution refrigerators, but SAXON Q is looking to change that. CEO Marius Grundmann joins host Konstantinos Karagiannis breaks down how his company uses artificial diamond chips and atomic-scale NV centers to build fully functional, room-temperature quantum computers that mount directly into standard 19-inch server racks. By leveraging the natural rigidity of diamond crystals to protect delicate nuclear and electron spin qubits from ambient thermal noise, SAXON Q delivers a resilient system capable of running live in data centers without complex cryogenic overhead. Beyond the physics, Grundmann explores why on-prem, rack-mounted quantum hardware is a potential gamechanger for industries handling mission-critical data. From analyzing ultra-sensitive patient medical records completely offline to scaling parallel workloads across multi-processor architectures, he shares how accessible semiconductor manufacturing methods could finally take quantum out of deep-freeze science labs and drive it toward consumer-level pricing. For more on SAXON Q, visit https://www.saxonq.com/. Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.   Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker              Questions and comments are welcome!   Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.   The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

  6. 2 Sept

    Q-Day Before 2030 Remains Firm – with Cameron Chehreh of IonQ

    IonQ’s VP of Engineering and CTO, Cameron Chehreh, joins host Konstantinos Karagiannis to break down why the race to scalable quantum computing is accelerating far faster than expected. Bringing a pragmatic, classical compute mindset to quantum systems, Chehreh explains how IonQ is transitioning from traditional optical tables to chip-scale trapped-ion QPUs, bolstered by their SkyWater foundry acquisition to dramatically speed up silicon iteration. He also provides an exclusive update on the company’s hardware roadmap, confirming that their 256-qubit system is currently in fabrication and on track as they march toward 10,000 qubits and cryptographically relevant scale before 2030.     Beyond hardware breakthroughs, the conversation tackles the urgent inflection point facing enterprise and public sector leaders. Chehreh details why executive orders and looming cryptographic deadlines mean organizations cannot treat post-quantum cryptography migration as standard IT patching. From real-world defense war-gaming and energy sector hybrid CPU-GPU-QPU pipelines to the complementary deployment of QKD and PQC, this episode delivers a high-stakes look at how quantum computing is leaving the laboratory to reshape modern infrastructure and AI workloads.     For more on IonQ, visit https://www.ionq.com/. Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.   Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker              Questions and comments are welcome!   Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.   The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

  7. 19 Aug

    Preventing Some PQC Rip-and-Replace – with José Rosas of EigenQ

    The quantum computing threat isn't a far-off problem anymore, with deadlines rapidly shifting closer to 2029. Organizations are scrambling to secure $30 trillion in legacy IT infrastructure. Dr. José Rosas, CEO of EigenQ, joins host Konstantinos Karagiannis to explain how his company can bypass the need for costly "rip-and-replace" server upgrades by delivering plug-and-play PCIe accelerator boards. By combining quantum entropy (random number generation) with post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms into existing server architectures like Intel Xeon and AMD EPYC, EigenQ creates a full-stack, hardware-rooted trust layer without modifying host motherboards.     Beyond retrofitting legacy servers, Dr. Rosas reveals EigenQ's broader vision to master crypto-agility. Using dynamic hardware reconfiguration to adapt as PQC standards evolve prevents getting trapped by rigid silicon designs. He delves into how their hardware integrates directly into CPU Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs), extends to tactical edge environments like drones, and lays the groundwork for their next frontier: quantum-assisted AI and photonic interconnects.    For more on EigenQ, visit https://www.eigenq.com/. Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.   Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker              Questions and comments are welcome!   Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.   The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

  8. 5 Aug

    Quantum Navigation Takes to the Skies – with Sanket Deshpande and Ashwarya Das of Dirac Labs

    While quantum computing garners most of the headlines, quantum sensing is silently revolutionizing how we navigate a world where GPS can no longer be taken for granted. Host Konstantinos Karagiannis sits down with Sanket Deshpande (CEO) and Ashwarya Das (COO) of Dirac Labs to explore how executive order mandates and over 1,500 daily GPS jamming attacks are forcing a massive shift toward resilient, spoof-proof navigation. The team delves into the physics behind solid-state diamond sensors, which are capable of mapping the Earth's natural magnetic anomalies to pinpoint exact coordinates without relying on satellite signals.     From testing prototypes on airborne planes to tapping into machine learning for real-time data denoising, Dirac Labs reveals how quantum hardware is moving out of university laboratories and straight into field operations. They unpack the realities of international defense partnerships, scaling hardware down to microscopic scales, and why indoor spaces, subway tunnels, and dense urban canyons will likely be the first commercial frontiers to abandon GPS. Find out about the next era of global cartography and unhackable navigation.     For more on Dirac Labs, visit https://diraclabs.com/.  Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.   Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker              Questions and comments are welcome!   Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.   The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

About

Follow The Post-Quantum World, where Protiviti and our guests explore quantum computing and its business impacts, benefits and threats. Quantum computing capabilities are exploding, causing disruption and opportunities, but many technology and business leaders still don’t understand the impact quantum will have on their business. Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready. In our bi-weekly podcast series, The Post-Quantum World, Protiviti Associate Director and host Konstantinos Karagiannis is joined by quantum computing experts to discuss hot topics in quantum computing, including the business impact, benefits and threats of this exciting new capability. Visit www.protiviti.com/postquantum to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready. For questions or additional information, contact Konstantinos Karagiannis: konstantinos.karagiannis@protiviti.com.

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