The MCG Pediatric Podcast

Augusta University
Augusta University
  • 5.0 (1)
  • Science
  • Updated Monthly

The focus of the MCG Pediatric Podcast is to produce educational material on pediatric general and subspecialty topics that will be helpful in everyday clinical practice. These discussions will be led by our pediatric residents with a general or subspecialty faculty member who is an expert in the field.

  1. Oct 15

    Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

    What happens when an infant who appeared healthy is suddenly found unresponsive during sleep? Dr. Jessica Davis, pediatric hospitalist and Medical Director of the Newborn Nursery at the Wellstar Golisano Children’s Hospital of Georgia, joins medical student Katy Stone Sanchez to discuss Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Through a clinical case, they will:  Differentiate SIDS from Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID) and discuss why SIDS remains a diagnosis of exclusion. Explore important risk factors and the SIDS Triple-Risk Model. Review the differential diagnosis for sudden unexpected infant death. Discuss evidence-based safe-sleep recommendations and strategies for counseling families. Address common questions about reflux, tummy time, bed-sharing, and home monitoring devices. Special thanks to Dr. Rebecca Yang and Dr. Isaac Jacks for peer reviewing this episode. CME Credit: Link Coming Soon! References: Carlin RF, Moon RY. Risk factors, protective factors, and current recommendations to reduce sudden infant death syndrome: a review. JAMA Pediatr. 2017;171(2):175-180. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.3345 Oltman SP, Rogers EE, Baer RJ, et al. Early newborn metabolic patterning and sudden infant death syndrome. JAMA Pediatr. 2024;178(11):1183-1191. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.3033 Keywan C, Poduri AH, Goldstein RD, Holm IA. Genetic factors underlying sudden infant death syndrome. Appl Clin Genet. 2021;14:61-76. doi:10.2147/TACG.S239478 Moon RY, Carlin RF, Hand I; Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and the Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Sleep-related infant deaths: updated 2022 recommendations for reducing infant deaths in the sleep environment. 2022;150(1):e2022057990. doi:10.1542/peds.2022-057990 Moon RY, Carlin RF, Hand I; Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and the Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Evidence base for 2022 updated recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment to reduce the risk of sleep-related infant deaths. 2022;150(1):e2022057991. doi:10.1542/peds.2022-057991 Machaalani R, Say M, Waters KA. Effects of cigarette smoke exposure on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits α7 and β2 in the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) brainstem. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011;257(3):396-404. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.09.023 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data and statistics for SUID and SIDS. Accessed August 11, 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/data-research/data/index.html? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Trends in SUID rates by cause of death, 1990-2022. Accessed August 11, 2026. https://www.cdc.gov/sudden-infant-death/data-research/data/sids-deaths-by-cause.html? Sodini C, Paglialonga L, Antoniol G, Perrone S, Principi N, Esposito S. Home Cardiorespiratory Monitoring in Infants at Risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), Apparent Life-Threatening Event (ALTE) or Brief Resolved Unexplained Event (BRUE). Life (Basel). 2022;12(6):883. Published 2022 Jun 13. doi:10.3390/life12060883

  2. Sep 16

    Fragile X Syndrome

    Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other intellectual disabilities have become a hot button topic in both medicine and the news as of late, with recent questions about the multifactorial causes of intellectual disabilities, including genetics. Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrician Dr. Kendall Abbas is joined by Liliana Amirhosseini and Zoe Gunthert, two fourth year medical students, to discuss presentation, diagnosis, and management of Fragile X, the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability. Specifically, they will Explain the genetics and pathophysiology leading to the Fragile X phenotype Discuss the clinic characteristics associated with Fragile X, allowing for prompt evaluation and management of the symptoms Share treatment plans and resources available for those with Fragile X and their families Special thanks to Dr. Rebecca Yang and Dr. Sarah Straka for peer reviewing this episode. Free CME available:  Link for CME Credit References: Bailey DB Jr, Raspa M, Bishop E, Holiday D. No change in the age of diagnosis for fragile X syndrome: Findings from a national parent survey. 2009 Aug;124(2):527-533.  Hunter JE, Berry-Kravis E, Hipp H, et al. FMR1 Disorders. 1998 Jun 16 [Updated 2024 May 16]. In: Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, et al., editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2024. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1384/. Mendez A, Mendez M. Fragile X Syndrome: A Review for General Pediatricians. Pediatr Ann. 2024;53(7):e269-e271. doi:10.3928/19382359-20240502-08 Malecki, C., Hambly, B.D., Jeremy, R.W. et al. The RNA-binding fragile-X mental retardation protein and its role beyond the brain. Biophys Rev 12, 903–916 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-020-00730-4.  National Fragile X Foundation. Prevalence. https://fragilex.org/understanding-fragile-x/fragile-x-101/prevalence/.  Sirois CL, Guo Y, Li M, et al. CGG repeats in the human FMR1 gene regulate mRNA localization and cellular stress in developing neurons. Cell Rep. 2024;43(6):114330. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114330 Spector, Elaine et al. Laboratory testing for fragile X, 2021 revision: a technical standard of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genetics in Medicine. 2021;23(5): 799 - 812. doi: 1038/s41436-021-01115-y .

  3. Aug 15

    Read Out and Read – How Stories Build Stronger Families

    Read out and read – How Stories Build Stronger Families How can a simple book help shape a child’s brain, strengthen family relationships, and promote lifelong learning? In this episode of the Medical College of Georgia Pediatric Podcast, medical student Megan Garrison, pediatric resident Jessie Foglio, and pediatrician Dr. Erica Sapp explore the powerful impact of Reach Out and Read. Learn how shared reading during early childhood supports language development, strengthens caregiver-child bonds, promotes health equity, and gives pediatric healthcare professionals a unique opportunity to support families—one book at a time. CME available free with sign up:  Link for CME credit

  4. Jul 15

    Early Pubertal Changes: When to Worry and When to Watch?

    Did you know that the average age of puberty onset in girls has been declining for decades, and that early puberty can have lasting psychological, social, and physical consequences? Roshni Patel, a fourth-year medical student at the Medical College of Georgia, and Bianca Forte, WHNP, a Women's Health Nurse Practitioner with a specialty in Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology at Wellstar MCG Health, to discuss the recognition, evaluation, and management of precocious puberty in girls. Specifically, they will: Review the normal pubertal timeline and define precocious puberty in females Distinguish between premature thelarche, premature adrenarche, and precocious puberty through history and physical exam findings Discuss the initial diagnostic workup, including bone age studies, hormone levels, and the GnRH stimulation test Differentiate central precocious puberty from peripheral precocious puberty and outline appropriate management for each Address the mental health impact of early puberty and how to support young patients during the clinical encounter Identify when to refer patients to Pediatric Endocrinology or Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Special thanks to Dr. Rebecca Yang and Dr. Sarah Straka for peer reviewing this episode Free CME Available: Link Coming Soon! References: Aghaee S, Deardorff J, Quesenberry CP, Greenspan LC, Kushi LH, Kubo A. Associations Between Childhood Obesity and Pubertal Timing Stratified by Sex and Race/Ethnicity. Am J Epidemiol. 2022;191(12):2026-2036. doi:10.1093/aje/kwac148 Berberoğlu M. Precocious puberty and normal variant puberty: definition, etiology, diagnosis and current management. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2009;1(4):164-174. doi:10.4274/jcrpe.v1i4.3 Carel JC, Léger J. Clinical practice. Precocious puberty. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(22):2366-2377. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0800459 Dinkelbach L, Grasemann C, Kiewert C, Leikeim L, Schmidt B, Hirtz R. Central Precocious Puberty and Psychiatric Disorders. JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(6):e2516679. Published 2025 Jun 2. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.16679 Eckert-Lind C, Busch AS, Petersen JH, et al. Worldwide Secular Trends in Age at Pubertal Onset Assessed by Breast Development Among Girls: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174(4):e195881. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.5881 Hampl SE, Hassink SG, Skinner AC, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Obesity. Pediatrics. 2023;151(2):e2022060640. doi:10.1542/peds.2022-060640 Joinson C, Heron J, Lewis G, Croudace T, Araya R. Timing of menarche and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls from a UK cohort. Br J Psychiatry. 2011;198(1):17-2. doi:10.1192/bp.110.080861 Kaplowitz PB. For Premature Thelarche and Premature Adrenarche, the Case for Waiting before Testing. Horm Res Paediatr. 2020;93(9-10):573-576. doi:10.1159/000512764 Klein DA, Emerick JE, Sylvester JE, Vogt KS. Disorders of Puberty: An Approach to Diagnosis and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2017;96(9):590-599. Kota AS, Sharma L, Ejaz S. Precocious Puberty. [Updated 2023 Jul 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544313/

  5. Apr 15

    Too Young to Sleep? What We Really Know About Anesthesia and the Developing Brain

    Parents and clinicians are often faced with an important question: is anesthesia safe for young children? In this episode, medical student Kaavya Gudapati is joined by Dr. Maria Valeria Carrasquero and Dr. Ana Mavarez to review the current evidence on anesthesia exposure and the developing brain, and to provide practical guidance for clinical decision-making and family counseling. Specifically, they will: Review the FDA warning regarding repeated or prolonged anesthesia exposure in children under 3 years of age Compare key findings from animal studies and human clinical trials Summarize major studies including PANDA, MASK, and GAS Discuss strategies for counseling families and addressing parental concerns Identify considerations for timing of elective versus urgent procedures Review approaches to minimize exposure and explore potential neuroprotective strategies Special thanks to Dr. Heather Byrd and Dr. Rebecca Yang for peer reviewing this episode. CME available free with sign up: Link coming soon! References: 1. Vinson AE, Houck CS. Neurotoxicity of Anesthesia in Children: Prevention and Treatment. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2018; 20:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11940-018-0536-Z/TABLES/1. 2. Hansen TG. Anesthesia-related neurotoxicity and the developing animal brain is not a significant problem in children. Pediatric Anesthesia 2015; 25:65–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/PAN.12548. 3. O’Leary JD. Human Studies of Anesthesia-Related Neurotoxicity in Children: A Narrative Review of Recent Additions to the Clinical Literature. Clin Perinatol 2019; 46:637–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clp.2019.08.001. 4. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA review results in new warnings about using general anesthetics and sedation drugs in young children and pregnant women | FDA n.d. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-review-results-new-warnings-about-using-general-anesthetics-and (accessed August 28, 2025). 5. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA approves label changes for use of general anesthetic and sedation drugs in young children | FDA n.d. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-approves-label-changes-use-general-anesthetic-and-sedation-drugs (accessed August 28, 2025). 6. SmartTots. SmartTots consensus statement on the use of anesthetic and sedative drugs in infants and toddlers.Published 2015. Updated 2017. Accessed September 17, 2025. https://smarttots.org 7. Sun LS, Li G, Miller TLK, Salorio C, Byrne MW, Bellinger DC, et al. Association between a single general anesthesia exposure before age 36 months and neurocognitive outcomes in later childhood. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association 2016; 315:2312–20. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMA.2016.6967. 8. Warner DO, Zaccariello MJ, Katusic SK, Schroeder DR, Hanson AC, Schulte PJ, et al. Neuropsychological and behavioral outcomes after exposure of young children to procedures requiring general anesthesia: The mayo anesthesia safety in kids (MASK) study. Anesthesiology 2018; 129:89–105. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000002232. 9. McCann ME, Berde C, Soriano S, Marmor J, Bellinger D, de Graaff JC, et al. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 5 years of age after general anaesthesia or awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international, multicenter, randomised controlled equivalence trial. Lancet 2019; 393:664. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32485-1. 10. Davidson AJ, Disma N, de Graaff JC, Withington DE, Dorris L, Bell G, et al. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age after general anaesthesia and awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): An international multicentre, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet 2016; 387:239–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00608-X. 11. Reighard C, Junaid S, Jackson WM, Arif A, Waddington H, Whitehouse AJO, et al. Anesthetic Exposure During Childhood and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2022;5: e2217427. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMANETWORKOPEN.2022.17427. 12. Jadhav U, Bhanushali J, Sindhu A, Shiv Kiran Reddy B, Toshniwal A, Rashmika M. A Comprehensive Review of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: From Assessment to Intervention 2025. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.78051. 13. Andropoulos DB. Neuroprotective strategies in anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2023; 37:52–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BPA.2022.11.005. 14. Ji F, Sun J, Sun L, et al. Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology. 2025. 143(4), 827–834. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000005634 15. Saynhalath, R, Disma, N, Taverner, FJ et al. on behalf of the TREX (Trial Remifentanil DEXmedetomidine) Consortium. Short-term Outcomes in Infants after General Anesthesia with Low-dose Sevoflurane/Dexmedetomidine/Remifentanil versus Standard-dose Sevoflurane (the TREX Trial). Anesthesiology 141(6): p 1075-1085, December 2024. | DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000005232 16. Ing C, Warner DO, Sun LS, Flick RP, Davidson AJ, Vutskits L, McCann ME, O'Leary J, Bellinger DC, Rauh V, Orser BA, Suresh S, Andropoulos DB. Anesthesia and Developing Brains: Unanswered Questions and Proposed Paths Forward. Anesthesiology. 2022 Mar 1;136(3):500-512. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004116. PMID: 35015802.

  6. 12/01/2025

    Celiac Disease

    Did you know that a single crumb of bread is enough to cause an autoimmune response in children with celiac disease? Dr. Pankaj Vohra, Professor of Pediatrics and Board-Certified Pediatric Gastroenterologist, joins medical student Andrea Smith to discuss the evaluation and management of celiac disease, as well as essential guidance for following a gluten-free diet. Specifically, they will: Review the epidemiology of celiac disease and identify common symptoms and presentations of celiac disease Describe the pathophysiology of celiac disease including histopathological changes to the duodenum Identify diagnostic tests and criteria for diagnosing celiac disease in the pediatric population Identify common sources of gluten and the basics of identifying gluten on food labels Discuss typical management of celiac disease including appropriate screening tests and managing accidental gluten ingestion Special thanks to Dr. Rebecca Yang and Dr. Neeharika Bade for peer reviewing this episode. CME available free with sign up:  https://mcg.cloud-cme.com/course/courseoverview?P=0&EID=25562 References: Bolia, R., & Thapar, N. (2023). Celiac Disease in Children: A 2023 Update. In Indian Journal of Pediatrics. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-023-04659-w Gidrewicz, D., Potter, K., Trevenen, C. L., Lyon, M., & Butzner, J. D. (2015). Evaluation of the ESPGHAN celiac guidelines in a North American pediatric population. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 110(5), 760–767. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.87 Hill, I. D., Fasano, A., Guandalini, S., Hoffenberg, E., Levy, J., Reilly, N., & Verma, R. (2016). NASPGHAN clinical report on the diagnosis and treatment of gluten-related disorders. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 63(1), 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001216 Husby, S., Koletzko, S., Korponay-Szabó, I., Kurppa, K., Mearin, M. L., Ribes-Koninckx, C., Shamir, R., Troncone, R., Auricchio, R., Castillejo, G., Christensen, R., Dolinsek, J., Gillett, P., Hróbjartsson, A., Koltai, T., Maki, M., Nielsen, S. M., Popp, A., Størdal, K., … Wessels, M. (2020). European Society Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Guidelines for Diagnosing Coeliac Disease 2020. In Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (Vol. 70, Issue 1, pp. 141–156). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002497 Nenna, R., Tiberti, C., Petrarca, L., Lucantoni, F., Mennini, M., Luparia, R. P. L., Panimolle, F., Mastrogiorgio, G., Pietropaoli, N., Magliocca, F. M., & Bonamico, M. (2013). The celiac iceberg: Characterization of the disease in primary schoolchildren. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 56(4), 416–421. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e31827b7f64 Sahin, Y. (2021). Celiac disease in children: A review of the literature. In World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics (Vol. 10, Issue 4, pp. 53–71). Baishideng Publishing Group Co. https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v10.i4.53 Salden, B. N., Monserrat, V., Troost, F. J., Bruins, M. J., Edens, L., Bartholomé, R., Haenen, G. R., Winkens, B., Koning, F., & Masclee, A. A. (2015). Randomised clinical study: Aspergillus niger-derived enzyme digests gluten in the stomach of healthy volunteers. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 42(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13266 Schuppan, D., Mäki, M., Lundin, K. E. A., Isola, J., Friesing-Sosnik, T., Taavela, J., Popp, A., Koskenpato, J., Langhorst, J., Hovde, Ø., Lähdeaho, M.-L., Fusco, S., Schumann, M., Török, H. P., Kupcinskas, J., Zopf, Y., Lohse, A. W., Scheinin, M., Kull, K., … Greinwald, R. (2021). A Randomized Trial of a Transglutaminase 2 Inhibitor for Celiac Disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 385(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2032441 Tack, G. J., van de Water, J. M. W., Bruins, M. J., Kooy-Winkelaar, E. M. C., van Bergen, J., Bonnet, P., Vreugdenhil, A. C. E., Korponay-Szabo, I., Edens, L., von Blomberg, B. M. E., Schreurs, M. W. J., Mulder, C. J., & Koning, F. (2013). Consumption of gluten with gluten-degrading enzyme by celiac patients: A pilot-study. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 19(35), 5837–5847. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i35.5837 Husby S, Koletzko S, Korponay-Szabó IR, et al. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition guidelines for the diagnosis of coeliac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2012; 54: 136–160

  7. 10/23/2025

    Acyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases

    Did you know that congenital heart defects (CHDs) affect nearly 40,000 babies born in the United States every year? On this episode, Pediatric Cardiologist Dr. Melissa Lefebvre and medical student Marina Hashim discuss the evaluation and management of common acyanotic congenital heart conditions. Specifically, they will: Review the classification of CHDs as cyanotic versus acyanotic. Discuss the pathophysiology of the three most common acyanotic CHDs – ASD, PDA, and VSD. Describe early clinical findings and use of diagnostic tools. Cover management options, ranging from spontaneous closure to surgical intervention. Explore prognosis and long-term outcomes on physical activity, neurodevelopment, and overall health. Special thanks to Dr. Rebecca Yang and Dr. Abeer Hamdy for peer reviewing this episode. CME available free with sign up:  Click Here! References: Dimopoulos, K., Constantine, A., Clift, P., & Condliffe, R. (2023). Cardiovascular complications of down syndrome: Scoping review and expert consensus. Circulation, 147(5). https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059706   Dugdale, D. C. (Ed.). (n.d.). Pediatric heart surgery - discharge. Mount Sinai. Retrieved April 26, 2024, from https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/discharge-instructions/pediatric-heart-surgery-discharge   Eckerström, F., Nyboe, C., Maagaard, M., Redington, A., & Hjortdal, V. (2023). Survival of patients with congenital ventricular septal defect. European Heart Journal,  44 (1,1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac618   Heart MRI. (2022, July 24). Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved April 19, 2024, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/21961-heart-mri Leihao, S., Yajiao, L., Yunwu, Z., Yusha, T., Yucheng, C., & Lei, C. (2023). Heart-brain axis: Association of congenital heart abnormality and brain diseases. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1071820 Meyer, K. (Ed.). (2022, May 1). What is a ventricular septal defect (VSD)? Cincinnati Children's. Retrieved March 12, 2024, from https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/v/vsd Minette, M. S., & Sahn, D. S. (2006). Ventricular septal defects. Circulation, 114(20). https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.618124 Mussatto, K. A., Hoffmann, R. G., Hoffman, G. M., Tweddell, J. S., Bear, L., Cao, Y., & Brosig, C. (2014). Risk and prevalence of developmental delay in young children with congenital heart disease. Pediatrics, 133(3), e570–e577. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-2309 Pruthi, S. (Ed.). (2022, October 21). Ventricular septal defect (VSD). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved April 9, 2024, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ventricular-septal-defect/symptoms-causes/syc-20353495     Right heart catheterization. (2022, July 24). Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved April 19, 2024, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/21045-right-heart-catheterization Shah, S., Mohanty, S., Karande, T., Maheshwari, S., Kulkarni, S., & Saxena, A. (2022). Guidelines for physical activity in children with heart disease. Annals of pediatric cardiology, 15(5-6), 467–488. https://doi.org/10.4103/apc.apc_73_22 Sigmon, E., Kellman, M., Susi, A., Nylund, C., & Oster, M. (2019). Congenital heart disease and Autism: A case-control study. Pediatrics, 144(5). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-4114 Thacker, D. (Ed.). (2022, January 1). Ventricular septal defect (VSD). Nemours Kids Health. Retrieved April 10, 2024, from https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/vsd.html   Tierney, S., & Seda, E. (2020). The benefit of exercise in children with congenital heart disease. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 32(5), 626-632. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000000942  Ventricular septal defects (VSD). (2021, November 9). Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved April 2, 2024,from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17615-ventricular-septal-defects-vsd    Ventricular septal defect surgery for children. (n.d.). Johns Hopkins Medicine. Retrieved April 11,2024, from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/ventricular-septal-defect-surgery-for-children#:~:text=During%20this%20surgery%2C%20a%20surgeon,the%20hole%20between%20the%20ventricles Wernovsky, G., & Licht, D. J. (2016). Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in children with congenital heart disease - what can we impact?. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine: a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies, 17(8 Suppl 1), S232–S242. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000000800

  8. 07/30/2025

    Adolescent Gynecology

    Join medical students Binal Patel and Aashka Sheth as they discuss adolescent gynecology with pediatrician Dr. Shreeti Kapoor.  Specifically, they will discuss: What exactly is adolescent gynecology. The proper approach to taking a comprehensive history for a pediatric patient with a gynecologic chief complaint. The various causes of dysmenorrhea in the early menarche period and its presentation. The diagnostic approach to dysmenorrhea in adolescents. The approach to treatment of dysmenorrhea in a pediatric population. And how to approach addressing safe sex practices and sexually transmitted infections with adolescents. References: 21 reasons to see a gynecologist before you turn 21. ACOG. (n.d.). https://www.acog.org/womens-health/infographics/21-reasons-to-see-a-gynecologist-before-you-turn-21   Adams Hillard P. J. (2008). Menstruation in adolescents: what's normal?. Medscape journal of medicine, 10(12), 295.  Breehl L, Caban O. Physiology, Puberty. [Updated 2023 Mar 27]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534827/  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). About heavy menstrual bleeding. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/female-blood-disorders/about/heavy-menstrual-bleeding.html  Primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. UpToDate. (n.d.). https://www.uptodate.com/contents/primary-dysmenorrhea-in-adolescents?search=Primary+Dysmenorrhea+&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=2  professional, C. C. medical. (2024, September 20). Pediatric gynecology. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/24574-pediatric-gynecology  professional, C. C. medical. (2025, February 18). Puberty. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/puberty   Sachedin, A., & Todd, N. (2020). Dysmenorrhea, endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain in adolescents. Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology, 12(1), 7–17. https://doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2019.s0217   Sexuality, Sexual Health, and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents and Young Adults. (2020). Topics in Antiviral Medicine, 28(2). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7482983/pdf/tam-28-459.pdf   UpToDate. (n.d.). Abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/abnormal-uterine-bleeding-in-adolescents-evaluation-and-approach-to-diagnosis?search=heavy%2Bbleeding&usage_type=default&source=search_result&selectedTitle=3~150&display_rank=3

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The focus of the MCG Pediatric Podcast is to produce educational material on pediatric general and subspecialty topics that will be helpful in everyday clinical practice. These discussions will be led by our pediatric residents with a general or subspecialty faculty member who is an expert in the field.

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