Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb: Expanding Your Breath of Knowledge

Nicole Goldfarb
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Nicole Goldfarb is a Speech-Language Pathologist & Certified Orofacial Myologist, providing information through "Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb". She interviews professionals in the field of sleep & airway in order to get all of our questions answered.  This series is for both professionals and those interested in sleep & airway issues. ⚠️ 𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐂𝐋𝐀𝐈𝐌𝐄𝐑: NO MEDICAL OR DENTAL ADVICE. Nicole Goldfarb and Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb does not give medical advice. The information provided in this video is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding your health or a medical condition. Reliance on any information provided in this video is solely at your own risk. We make no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the information presented. You should not use these materials to diagnose or treat any health issues, illnesses or diseases. In addition, we do not recommend or endorse any provider of health care or health-related products, items, or services.

  1. 3d ago

    Ep. 82: "An Orthodontist Speaks Out: Airway, Expansion, and Evidence | With Dr. Glenn Krieger"

    🎙️ 𝗘𝗣. 𝟴𝟮: 𝗔𝗡 𝗢𝗥𝗧𝗛𝗢𝗗𝗢𝗡𝗧𝗜𝗦𝗧 𝗦𝗣𝗘𝗔𝗞𝗦 𝗢𝗨𝗧! Airway, Expansion & Evidence | Dr. Glenn Krieger Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb 🦷 Why are some orthodontists still resistant to discussing airway and sleep-disordered breathing? Dr. Glenn Krieger isn't afraid to challenge his own profession! In this passionate conversation with Nicole Goldfarb, M.A., CCC-SLP, COM®, he discusses resistance within orthodontics, airway awareness, maxillary expansion, and why proper diagnosis must come before treatment. After 20 years in restorative dentistry, Dr. Krieger became an orthodontic specialist at age 44. He brings a unique perspective to adult expansion, craniofacial development, and interdisciplinary care. He also shares candid opinions about the AAO white paper, provider training, and why expansion isn't always the answer. 💡 Are we treating the right problem—or simply offering the treatment we're most comfortable providing? ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 🎥🎧 𝗣𝗥𝗘𝗙𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗢 𝗪𝗔𝗧𝗖𝗛 𝗢𝗥 𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗡? ▶️ 𝗣𝗥𝗘𝗙𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗢 𝗪𝗔𝗧𝗖𝗛? 🎬 Watch the FULL Episode 82 with Dr. Glenn Krieger on YouTube: https://youtu.be/ESLzdFeVt3A 🔔 Subscribe to Airway Answers on YouTube for full video interviews and episode trailers! https://www.youtube.com/@AirwayAnswers 🎧 𝗣𝗥𝗘𝗙𝗘𝗥 𝗧𝗢 𝗟𝗜𝗦𝗧𝗘𝗡? 🎙️ Listen to Episode 82 with Dr. Glenn Krieger on Buzzsprout: https://www.buzzsprout.com/2408017/episodes/20052705 🔔 Follow Airway Answers on your favorite podcast platform, including Apple Podcasts and Spotify! https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 🔎 𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗜𝗦 𝗘𝗣𝗜𝗦𝗢𝗗𝗘 🔹 Why some orthodontists resist airway-focused discussions 🔹 The AAO white paper and CBCT controversies 🔹 Proper diagnosis and specialized provider training 🔹 MARPE, MSE, FME, and adult maxillary expansion 🔹 Bone-borne vs. tooth-borne expansion in children 🔹 Crossbites, surgical options, and skeletal discrepancies 🔹 Malocclusion and sleep-disordered breathing 🔹 Orofacial myofunctional therapy and Harvold's research 🔹 Premolar extractions and airway concerns 🔹 The importance of interdisciplinary collaboration ⏱️ 𝗬𝗢𝗨𝗧𝗨𝗕𝗘 𝗖𝗛𝗔𝗣𝗧𝗘𝗥𝗦 00:00 Welcome to Airway Answers 01:20 Meet Dr. Glenn Krieger 10:33 Becoming an Orthodontist at 44 19:15 GERD, Bruxism & Airway 26:30 Resistance Within Orthodontics 30:30 AAO White Paper & CBCT 33:15 Training & Treatment Risks 42:15 Choosing the Right Care Team 50:45 MARPE & Expansion Protocols 56:15 Adult Expansion: MSE vs. FME 1:02:40 Expansion in Children 1:13:50 Crossbites, Surgery & Wisdom Teeth 1:33:40 Malocclusion & Sleep-Disordered Breathing 1:44:00 Myofunctional Therapy & Harvold 1:54:00 Premolar Extractions & Airway Evidence 2:01:30 Final Thoughts 👨‍⚕️ 𝗔𝗕𝗢𝗨𝗧 𝗗𝗥. 𝗚𝗟𝗘𝗡𝗡 𝗞𝗥𝗜𝗘𝗚𝗘𝗥 Dr. Krieger is an orthodontic specialist with more than three decades in dentistry, including 20 years in restorative dentistry. He has trained with the Stanford Airway and Sleep team and focuses on complex orthodontics and interdisciplinary care. He founded Orthopreneurs, a professional community and podcast for orthodontists, and is a partner with Smile Doctors in the Dallas area. 🎤 𝗔𝗕𝗢𝗨𝗧 𝗬𝗢𝗨𝗥 𝗛𝗢𝗦𝗧 Nicole Goldfarb, M.A., CCC-SLP, COM®, is a speech-language pathologist, Certified Orofacial Myologist, international lecturer, and founder of the San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy. Through Airway Answers, Nicole explores the connections between breathing, sleep, craniofacial development, and oral function. 🌐 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗡𝗘𝗖𝗧 𝗪𝗜𝗧𝗛 𝗨𝗦 Airway Answers: https://www.AirwayAnswers.info San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy: https://www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com 📧 Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info 💬 𝗝𝗢𝗜𝗡 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗖𝗢𝗡𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗦𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡! Why do you think some orthodontists resist airway discussions? What should patients know before considering expansion? ❤️ 𝗟𝗜𝗞𝗘 • 𝗦𝗨𝗕𝗦𝗖𝗥𝗜𝗕𝗘 • 𝗦𝗛𝗔𝗥𝗘! #AirwayAnswers #GlennKrieger #Orthodontics #MaxillaryExpansion #MARPE #AirwayHealth #MyofunctionalTherapy #SleepDisorderedBreathing ⚠️ 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗖𝗟𝗔𝗜𝗠𝗘𝗥 Educational content only; not individualized medical or dental advice. Guest opinions are their own. Consult qualified healthcare professionals for diagnosis and treatment.

  2. Oct 9

    Ep. 81: "Rethinking the Bite: Tensegrity, Orthotics, Occlusion & TMD | With Dr. Jay Levy"

    Rethinking the Bite: Tensegrity, Orthotics, Occlusion & TMD | With Dr. Jay Levy Could we be thinking about occlusion, TMD, and airway health all wrong? In this episode of Airway Answers, Nicole Goldfarb interviews Dr. Jay Levy about the concepts of tensegrity, human resting myofascial tone, occlusion, orthotic therapy, and why treating the bite requires a systems-thinking approach rather than focusing on individual teeth. Dr. Levy explains how teeth function as sensory organs, how posture and biomechanics influence occlusion, why orthotic therapy often precedes irreversible dental treatment, and how understanding the relationship between the TMJ, airway, fascia, and neuromuscular function can fundamentally change the way clinicians evaluate and treat patients with TMD. In this episode, we discuss: Tensegrity • Occlusion • TMD • TMJ • Orthotic therapy • Splint therapy • Human resting myofascial tone • Airway health • Teeth as sensory organs • Facial growth • Centric relation • Mandibular advancement devices • Systems thinking • Biomechanics CHAPTERS0:00 Introduction to Airway Answers with Dr. Jay Levy 4:01 Dr. Jay Levy's Background: Engineering, Dentistry & Neurophysiology 6:58 What Is Tensegrity? How Teeth Function as Sensory Organs 10:16 Human Resting Myofascial Tone & TMD Pain 19:52 Tensegrity: Bones, Fascia & Whole-Body Biomechanics 23:46 TMJ, AOJ & How Head Posture Changes Your Bite 26:17 TMD & Airway: The Pandemic of Collapsed Facial Form 34:15 The Bolus Buccinator Theory of Facial Growth 43:33 Orthotic Splint Therapy: Helping TMD Patients Out of Pain 57:49 Orthotic Splints vs. Mandibular Advancement Devices 1:05:15 Dual Bite, Centric Relation & Finding Your True Jaw Position 1:12:15 Why Dentists Need Systems Thinking for Occlusion 1:16:14 Occlusal Precision: Articulating Paper & Tooth Adjustment 1:23:20 Why Orthotic Therapy Should Come Before Irreversible Dentistry 1:27:07 Dr. Jay Levy's Courses & Clinical Resources 👍 If you enjoyed this episode, please Like, Subscribe, and share it with colleagues interested in airway health, dentistry, TMD, occlusion, and orofacial myofunctional therapy. 💬 What was your biggest takeaway from this conversation? We'd love to hear your thoughts in the comments! 🔔 Subscribe to the Airway Answers YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@AirwayAnswers 👁️ Prefer to Watch? Watch this Episode on Airway Answers YouTube Channel: https://youtu.be/U_IBLI0CQuc 🎧 Prefer to listen? Subscribe to the Audio Podcast: https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow About Dr. Jay LevyDr. Jay Levy is a dentist, educator, and internationally recognized lecturer whose work focuses on occlusion, temporomandibular disorders (TMD), orthotic therapy, neurophysiology, and systems-based approaches to dentistry. Through decades of clinical experience and teaching, he has helped clinicians better understand the relationships among occlusion, posture, airway, fascia, and neuromuscular function. About Nicole GoldfarbNicole Goldfarb, M.A., CCC-SLP, COM®, is a Speech-Language Pathologist, Certified Orofacial Myologist®, international speaker, educator, podcast host, and founder of the San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy. 🌐 Airway Answers www.AirwayAnswers.info 🏥 San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com 📩 Email Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info 📘 Facebook https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61565074499503 📸 Instagram https://www.instagram.com/sandiegospeechandmyotherapy/ 🎵 TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@airway.answers #TMD #Occlusion #Orthotics #TMJ #AirwayHealth #Tensegrity #Dentistry #MyofunctionalTherapy #AirwayAnswers ⚠️ Disclaimer: This podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and is not medical or dental advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional regarding diagnosis or treatment. Reliance on the information presented is at your own risk. Mention of specific providers, products, or services does not constitute an endorsement.

    Ep. 81: "Rethinking the Bite: Tensegrity, Orthotics, Occlusion & TMD | With Dr. Jay Levy"

  3. Sep 6

    Ep. 80: "Psychiatry Meets Sleep Medicine: ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Apnea & Beyond — with Dr. Nnamdi Orakpo"

    Psychiatry Meets Sleep Medicine: ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Apnea & Beyond — with Dr. Nnamdi Orakpo 🧠 What if symptoms that look psychiatric are being influenced — or worsened — by poor sleep or an underlying sleep disorder? ADHD. Anxiety. Depression. Irritability. Difficulty concentrating. Emotional dysregulation. Insomnia. PTSD. In this episode of Airway Answers, Nicole Goldfarb sits down with Dr. Nnamdi Orakpo, MD, PhD — psychiatrist, sleep medicine physician, and Clinical Assistant Professor in the Division of Sleep Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine — to explore the fascinating intersection of sleep, psychiatry, mental health, and airway health. 💡 What does a psychiatrist who specializes in sleep see that the rest of us may be missing? We discuss why ADHD symptoms can overlap with poor-quality sleep and sleep-disordered breathing; why insomnia may sometimes be a clue to undiagnosed sleep apnea; and why asking “How is your sleep?” may not be enough. Dr. Orakpo also explores the two-way relationship between sleep and mental health: poor sleep can contribute to or worsen psychiatric symptoms, while anxiety, depression, PTSD, bipolar disorder, trauma, and psychiatric medications can also affect sleep. 💡 IN THIS EPISODE: 🧠 ADHD or sleep apnea? Why symptoms can overlap 😴 Insomnia medications vs. undiagnosed sleep apnea 🫁 Sleep apnea, intermittent hypoxia & the brain 💊 Antidepressants, psychiatric medications & REM sleep 😰 Anxiety, depression, PTSD & sleep-disordered breathing 🌙 REM Sleep Behavior Disorder & Parkinson’s disease 🛌 Why psychiatrists need more sleep medicine training 🦷 Snoring, gasping, bruxism & other clues psychiatrists may miss 🏫 Teen sleep deprivation & early school start times 👩 Women, menopause, hormones & sleep apnea 👨‍⚕️ Why sleep education matters across medical specialties ⏱️ CHAPTERS 0:00 Welcome to Airway Answers 0:32 Meet Dr. Nnamdi Orakpo: Psychiatry & Sleep Medicine 4:13 From Professional Basketball to MD/PhD & Sleep Medicine 10:27 The Parkinson’s Patient Who Changed His Career 14:23 REM Sleep Behavior Disorder & Parkinson’s Disease Risk 17:35 Why Psychiatrists Need to Ask About Sleep 22:03 Insomnia Medications vs Undiagnosed Sleep Apnea 25:08 How Sleep Apnea Affects the Heart, Lungs & Brain 27:00 ADHD or Sleep Apnea? Symptoms That Can Overlap 36:04 Intermittent Hypoxia: How Sleep Apnea Affects the Brain 39:35 Teen Sleep Deprivation & Early School Start Times 46:34 Sleep Apnea Screening: Questions Psychiatrists Should Ask 49:47 Anxiety, Depression, PTSD & Sleep-Disordered Breathing 54:11 Antidepressants, REM Sleep & Sleep Architecture 1:01:22 Women’s Health, Menopause & Sleep Medicine 👨‍⚕️ ABOUT DR. NNAMDI ORAKPO Nnamdi Orakpo, MD, PhD, is a psychiatrist, sleep medicine physician, and Clinical Assistant Professor in the Division of Sleep Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine. His clinical interests span sleep-disordered breathing, insomnia, ADHD, mental health, chronic pain, sleep technology, and emerging treatments in sleep medicine. Before becoming a physician, Dr. Orakpo pursued basketball internationally and later played Division I basketball in the United States. He earned a PhD in gerontology before attending medical school and later completed his sleep medicine fellowship at Stanford. 🎙️ ABOUT THE HOST Nicole Goldfarb, M.A., CCC-SLP, COM®, is a speech-language pathologist and Certified Orofacial Myologist® specializing in orofacial myofunctional disorders, airway health, and sleep-disordered breathing. She is the owner of the San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy and host of Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb: Expanding Your Breath of Knowledge. 🔔 SUBSCRIBE & FOLLOW AIRWAY ANSWERS ▶️ YouTube: https://youtu.be/_080ii-8jV8 🎧 Buzzsprout: https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow 🌐 www.AirwayAnswers.info 🏥 www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com 📩 Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info 📘 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61565074499503 📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sandiegospeechandmyotherapy/ 🎵 TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@airway.answers 👍 Like, subscribe, and share this episode with a psychiatrist, psychologist, pediatrician, sleep professional, SLP, dentist, mental health professional, parent, or anyone interested in the relationship between sleep and mental health. #AirwayAnswers #SleepApnea #MentalHealth #Psychiatry #SleepMedicine #ADHD #Anxiety #Depression #SleepDisorderedBreathing #Insomnia #PTSD

    Ep. 80: "Psychiatry Meets Sleep Medicine: ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Apnea & Beyond — with Dr. Nnamdi Orakpo"

  4. Aug 23

    Ep. 79: "Dentists Are Gatekeepers for Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing: What the Mouth Can Reveal with Dr. Rakesh Bhattacharjee"

    🦷 Could the dental office be one of the most important places to identify children at risk for sleep-disordered breathing? Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea is not simply a story of enlarged tonsils and adenoids — and removing them does not always resolve the problem. So what else should we be looking for? In this episode of Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb, Nicole sits down with Dr. Rakesh Bhattacharjee, pediatric pulmonologist and sleep medicine specialist, to explore what decades of research have taught us about pediatric sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) — including residual sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy, craniofacial risk factors, obesity, insomnia, and the different phenotypes of pediatric OSA. 🔬 Dr. Bhattacharjee also discusses new 2026 research examining craniofacial risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in dental and orthodontic practices and why the mouth and craniofacial structures may provide important clues that help dentists and orthodontists recognize children who need further evaluation. 💡 IN THIS EPISODE: • Why tonsil and adenoid removal does not always resolve pediatric OSA • The surprising rate of residual sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy • The fascinating brain-lung connection • COMISA: when insomnia and sleep apnea coexist • Craniofacial clues dentists and orthodontists can look for • New 2026 research on pediatric sleep-disordered breathing screening • Why pediatric sleep apnea has different phenotypes • The importance of interdisciplinary airway care ⏱️ CHAPTERS 00:00 Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Why Dentists Should Be Paying Attention 00:27 Meet Dr. Rakesh Bhattacharjee 02:39 Why Tonsil & Adenoid Removal Does Not Always Cure Pediatric Sleep Apnea 04:56 Dr. Bhattacharjee’s Research & Career 08:13 The Brain-Lung Connection: Sleep, Breathing & the Brain 11:49 COMISA: Insomnia + Sleep Apnea in Children 16:59 Residual Sleep Apnea After Adenotonsillectomy 22:09 Can Early Intervention Change Future Sleep Apnea Risk? 27:46 Obesity, Weight Loss & Tirzepatide in Sleep Apnea 33:05 New 2026 Research: Craniofacial Risk Factors for Pediatric SDB 38:21 Screening for Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Dental Practices 43:55 Why Sleep Physicians Need to Look Inside the Mouth 51:27 The Different Phenotypes of Pediatric Sleep Apnea 56:17 Final Thoughts & Takeaways 👨‍⚕️ ABOUT DR. RAKESH BHATTACHARJEE Rakesh Bhattacharjee, MD, is Director of Pediatric Sleep Medicine at Rady Children’s Hospital–San Diego and Professor of Pediatrics at the University of California San Diego. A pediatric pulmonologist and sleep medicine specialist, his clinical and research work focuses on pediatric obstructive sleep apnea, sleep-disordered breathing, and related health outcomes. His research has helped advance our understanding of residual OSA following adenotonsillectomy and the different factors contributing to sleep-disordered breathing in children. He is also a co-author of the 2026 study examining pediatric craniofacial risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in dental and orthodontic practice settings. 🎙️ ABOUT THE HOST Nicole Goldfarb, M.A., CCC-SLP, COM®, is a speech-language pathologist and Certified Orofacial Myologist® specializing in orofacial myofunctional disorders, airway health, and sleep-disordered breathing. She is the owner of the San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy and host of Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb: Expanding Your Breath of Knowledge. Nicole lectures nationally and internationally on the relationship between orofacial function, airway health, sleep, speech, and interdisciplinary care and has presented more than 50 lectures to dental, medical, and allied-health audiences. 🔔 SUBSCRIBE & FOLLOW AIRWAY ANSWERS ▶️ Watch & subscribe on YouTube: https://youtu.be/gx4kaju4KtQ 🎧 Follow Airway Answers on Buzzsprout: https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow 🌐 Airway Answers: www.AirwayAnswers.info 🏥 San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy: www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com 📩 Email: Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info 📘 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61565074499503 📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sandiegospeechandmyotherapy/ 🎵 TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@airway.answers 👍 Like, subscribe, and share this episode with a dentist, orthodontist, pediatric dentist, pediatrician, SLP, sleep professional, or other provider who works with children. #PediatricSleepApnea #SleepDisorderedBreathing #DentalSleepMedicine #PediatricDentistry #AirwayDentistry #PediatricOSA #AirwayAnswers

    Ep. 79: "Dentists Are Gatekeepers for Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing: What the Mouth Can Reveal with Dr. Rakesh Bhattacharjee"

  5. Aug 13

    Ep. 78: "Tongue-Tie: What Every Parent & Professional Should Know with Autumn Henning, MS, CCC-SLP, COM, IBCLC"

    What should parents and healthcare professionals really know about tongue-tie? In this episode of Airway Answers, Nicole Goldfarb interviews Autumn Henning, MS, CCC-SLP, COM®, IBCLC, one of the leading educators in tethered oral tissues (TOTs), infant feeding, and orofacial myofunctional disorders. Together, we explore how to evaluate tongue-tie across the lifespan, what makes an infant feeding evaluation unique, why function matters more than anatomy alone, and how thoughtful interdisciplinary care can improve outcomes for both children and adults. Autumn also shares her insights on therapeutic readiness before a frenectomy, post-release care, common misconceptions about tongue-tie, and what every parent and healthcare professional should know. In this episode, we discuss: Tongue-tie • Tethered oral tissues (TOTs) • Infant feeding • Breastfeeding • IBCLC • Orofacial myofunctional disorders • Myofunctional therapy • Therapeutic readiness • Frenectomy • HOPE Healing Protocol • Airway health • Interdisciplinary care ⸻ CHAPTERS 0:00 Meet Autumn Henning, SLP, COM®, IBCLC 0:33 Autumn’s Background and Clinical Specialties 1:52 Autumn’s Bio and Areas of Expertise 4:35 How Autumn Became Passionate About Tethered Oral Tissues (TOTs) 9:45 The Oral Function Trifecta & Becoming an IBCLC 16:11 What Happens During an Infant Tongue-Tie Evaluation? 34:05 Jaw and Tongue Mechanics During Breastfeeding 37:00 Tongue-Tie vs. Other Breastfeeding Challenges 38:56 Why Lip Ties Rarely Exist Without Tongue-Ties 40:45 Evaluating Tongue-Tie Across the Lifespan 42:11 Preparing for a Successful Tongue-Tie Release 45:46 Aftercare and the HOPE Healing Protocol 1:02:13 Busting Common Tongue-Tie Myths 1:06:12 Autumn’s Courses & Where to Learn More ⸻ 👍 If you enjoyed this episode, please Like, Subscribe, and share it with colleagues interested in airway health and orofacial myofunctional therapy. 💬 What surprised you most about this conversation? Leave a comment below—we would love to hear your thoughts and questions! 🔔 Subscribe to the Airway Answers YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@AirwayAnswers 🎧 Prefer to listen? Subscribe to the Audio Podcast: https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow ⸻ About Autumn Henning Autumn R. Henning, MS, CCC-SLP, COM®, IBCLC, is a Speech-Language Pathologist, Certified Orofacial Myologist®, International Board Certified Lactation Consultant, educator, and founder of Chrysalis Orofacial in Greenville, South Carolina. She specializes in evaluating and treating tethered oral tissues, infant feeding, swallowing, and orofacial myofunctional disorders across the lifespan. Autumn also serves as a voluntary Assistant Professor in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at the University of Kentucky College of Health Sciences and was a founding board member of the International Consortium for Oral Ankylofrenula Professionals (ICAP). Through her internationally recognized continuing education programs—including TOTS® (Tethered Oral Tissues Specialty Training), Plot the TOT®, The STONES Approach®, and the E3 Model of Care®—she has educated thousands of healthcare professionals worldwide, emphasizing functional assessment, critical clinical reasoning, interdisciplinary collaboration, and evidence-informed care. ⸻ About Nicole Goldfarb Nicole Goldfarb, M.A., CCC-SLP, COM®, is a Speech-Language Pathologist, Certified Orofacial Myologist, international speaker, educator, podcast host, and founder of the San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy. ⸻ 🌐 Airway Answers: www.AirwayAnswers.info 🏥 San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy: www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com 📩 Email: Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info 📘 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61565074499503 📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sandiegospeechandmyotherapy/ 🎵 TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@airway.answers ⸻ #TongueTie #InfantFeeding #AirwayHealth #Breastfeeding #IBCLC #MyofunctionalTherapy #TetheredOralTissues #TOTs #Frenectomy #AirwayAnswers ⸻ ⚠️ Disclaimer: This podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and is not medical or dental advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional regarding diagnosis or treatment. Reliance on the information presented is at your own risk. Mention of specific providers, products, or services does not constitute an endorsement.

    Ep. 78: "Tongue-Tie: What Every Parent & Professional Should Know with Autumn Henning, MS, CCC-SLP, COM, IBCLC"

  6. Jul 29

    Ep. 77: "What an Airway-Educated Pediatrician Wants You To Know (with Dr. Erick Galindo, MD)"

    What can an airway-educated pediatrician teach us about sleep, breathing, tongue-tie, and child development? In this episode of Airway Answers, Nicole Goldfarb interviews Dr. Erik Galindo about his journey from traditional pediatrics to an airway-informed approach to patient care. Discover how airway health influences pediatric practice, why tongue-tie and sleep-disordered breathing are often overlooked, and what pediatricians, dentists, speech-language pathologists, myofunctional therapists, and parents should know to better recognize early signs of dysfunction. Topics discussed: Pediatric airway • Airway health • Tongue-tie • Tethered oral tissues (TOTs) • Sleep-disordered breathing • Pediatric sleep • Infant feeding • Child development • Whole-child care • Myofunctional therapy • Interdisciplinary healthcare CHAPTERS 0:00 Welcome to Airway Answers 0:28 Meet Dr. Erik Galindo, Airway-Focused Pediatrician 1:38 Dr. Erik’s Bio and Credentials 3:34 Why He’s Called “Dr. Erik” 6:33 From Traditional Pediatrics to Whole-Child Care 11:08 Suck-Swallow-Breathe: Why Infants Are Oral-Centric 12:45 Nicole’s Story: Airway Signs Missed From Infancy 16:38 Identifying Dysfunction Before It Becomes Pathology 20:26 Discovering Tongue-Ties and The Breathe Institute 24:57 Then vs. Now: How His Exams Have Evolved 32:18 Five Minutes That Matter: Sleep, Feeding & Daylight 39:13 Tongue-Tie Evaluation and the TRMR Debate 45:30 Practical Steps Pediatricians Can Use Tomorrow 56:48 Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Systemic Inflammation 59:58 Closing Thoughts and Final Advice 👍 If you enjoyed this episode, please Like, Subscribe, and share it with colleagues interested in airway health and orofacial myofunctional therapy. 🔔 Subscribe for future conversations with leading experts in airway health, sleep medicine, dentistry, orthodontics, speech-language pathology, and myofunctional therapy. About Dr. Erik Galindo Dr. Erik Galindo is a pediatrician with a special interest in airway health, pediatric sleep, infant feeding, tongue-tie, and whole-child development. His practice emphasizes identifying early dysfunction before it progresses to pathology, helping families and healthcare professionals better understand the connections between breathing, sleep, oral function, and long-term health. About Nicole Goldfarb Nicole Goldfarb, M.A., CCC-SLP, COM®, is a Speech-Language Pathologist, Certified Orofacial Myologist, international speaker, educator, podcast host, and founder of the San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy. 👁️ Watch the Video on YouTube & Subscribe: https://youtu.be/JajcMwmbpnc 🎧 Subscribe to the Audio Podcast: https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow 🌐 Airway Answers: www.AirwayAnswers.info 🏥 San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy: www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com 📩 Email: Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info 📘 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61565074499503 📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sandiegospeechandmyotherapy/ 🎵 TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@airway.answers #AirwayHealth #Pediatrics #TongueTie #SleepDisorderedBreathing #ChildDevelopment #MyofunctionalTherapy #Pediatrician #InfantFeeding #AirwayAnswers ⚠️ Disclaimer: This podcast is for educational purposes only and is not medical or dental advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional regarding diagnosis or treatment. Reliance on the information presented is at your own risk. Mention of specific providers, products, or services does not constitute an endorsement.

    Ep. 77: "What an Airway-Educated Pediatrician Wants You To Know (with Dr. Erick Galindo, MD)"

  7. Jul 20

    Ep. 76: "Tongue Tie & Cancer: Is There a Connection? with Dr. Hilary Pada, DDS"

    Can tongue-tie contribute to cancer treatment complications, airway dysfunction, and sleep-disordered breathing? In this episode of **Airway Answers**, Nicole Goldfarb interviews **Dr. Hilary Pada** about the connection between tongue mobility, oral oncology, craniofacial development, and airway health. Learn how the **Tongue Range of Motion Ratio (TRMR)**, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), oral mucositis, infant feeding, craniofacial development, and interdisciplinary care may influence patient outcomes in both oncology and airway-focused practice. **Topics discussed:** Tongue-tie • Tethered oral tissues (TOTs) • Airway health • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) • Oral oncology • Oral mucositis • Infant feeding • Craniofacial growth • Myofunctional therapy • Interdisciplinary healthcare --- **CHAPTERS** 0:00 Introduction to Airway Answers & Meet Dr. Hilary Pada 3:17 Dr. Hilary Pada's Background in Oral Oncology & Airway Health 10:48 Tongue-Tie and Cancer: Why This Research Matters 17:25 The "Episode Four" Analogy: Why We're Missing Early Signs 18:48 Case Study: Tongue-Tie in a Multiple Myeloma Patient 23:22 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), Oral Mucositis & Cancer 26:48 Tongue Range of Motion Ratio (TRMR): How to Assess Tongue Mobility 31:31 Before & After: Real Patient Tongue-Tie Treatment Results 35:07 The Seven Oral Frenula & Tongue-Tie Anatomy 41:20 Craniofacial Development: Midlines, Jaw Growth & Airway 51:58 Anterior vs. Posterior Tongue-Tie: What's the Difference? 1:05:23 Research Findings: Severe Tongue Restriction in Cancer Patients 1:20:32 Why Tongue-Tie Is Often Missed in Infants 1:29:18 Sleep, Cancer Risk & Long-Term Health 1:36:47 Infant Feeding, Tongue Function & Early Intervention 1:48:50 Key Takeaways & Closing Thoughts --- 👍 **If you enjoyed this episode, please Like, Subscribe, and share it with colleagues interested in airway health and orofacial myofunctional therapy.** 🔔 **Subscribe for future conversations with leading experts in airway health, sleep medicine, dentistry, orthodontics, speech-language pathology, and myofunctional therapy.** --- **About Dr. Hilary Pada** Dr. Hilary Pada is an oral oncology researcher whose work focuses on tongue mobility, airway health, craniofacial development, sleep-disordered breathing, and cancer care. She is passionate about advancing interdisciplinary collaboration to improve patient outcomes. --- **About Nicole Goldfarb** Nicole Goldfarb, M.A., CCC-SLP, COM®, is a Speech-Language Pathologist, Certified Orofacial Myologist, international speaker, educator, podcast host, and founder of the San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy. --- 🎧 **Subscribe to the Audio Podcast:** https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow 🌐 **Airway Answers:** [www.AirwayAnswers.info](http://www.AirwayAnswers.info) 🏥 **San Diego Center for Speech & Myofunctional Therapy:** [www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com](http://www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com) 📩 **Email:** [Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info](mailto:Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info) 📘 **Facebook:** https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61565074499503 📸 **Instagram:** https://www.instagram.com/sandiegospeechandmyotherapy/ 🎵 **TikTok:** https://www.tiktok.com/@airway.answers --- #TongueTie #AirwayHealth #MyofunctionalTherapy --- ⚠️ **Disclaimer:** This podcast is for educational purposes only and is not medical or dental advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional regarding diagnosis or treatment. Reliance on the information presented is at your own risk. Mention of specific providers, products, or services does not constitute an endorsement.

  8. Jun 15

    Ep. 75: "Bridging the Gap Between Dentistry & Sleep Medicine: Oral Appliances, Patient Values, & Comprehensive Care with Dr. Steve Carstensen, DDS"

    ⚠️𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐂𝐋𝐀𝐈𝐌𝐄𝐑: NO MEDICAL OR DENTAL ADVICE. Nicole Goldfarb and Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb does not give medical advice. The information provided in this video is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding your health or a medical condition. Reliance on any information provided in this video is solely at your own risk. We make no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the information presented. You should not use these materials to diagnose or treat any health issues, illnesses or diseases. In addition, we do not recommend or endorse any provider of health care or health-related products, items, or services.  _______________  📝 Episode Summary • ✅ How does the "adaptive process" force the human body to compensate for poor respiration from early childhood through adulthood? 🧠 • ✅ Why are dentists uniquely positioned to screen the 80% of sleep apnea cases that currently remain undiagnosed? 🦷 • ✅ Discussion highlights why anatomy and function must be viewed as "two sides of the same coin" in airway health. 🪙 • ✅ Experts explain how oral appliances manage the airway by stabilizing the mandible to prevent soft tissue collapse. 💨 • ✅ Future technology and AI, including mobile phone scans of the skull and nasal airflow, will revolutionize early risk assessment. 📱 𝑪𝒉𝒆𝒄𝒌 𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒊𝒆𝒘 𝒐𝒏 𝒀𝒐𝒖𝑻𝒖𝒃𝒆 𝒐𝒓 𝒂𝒏𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒚𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝒇𝒂𝒗𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒅𝒄𝒂𝒔𝒕 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒔!  👉👀 𝐘𝐨𝐮𝐓𝐮𝐛𝐞: https://youtu.be/6sxzI6xGjbs 👉🎧 𝐀𝐮𝐝𝐢𝐨: https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow _______________ ABOUT OUR GUEST:  Dr. Steve Carstensen is a graduate of Baylor College of Dentistry, Dr. Carstensen has devoted decades to the study and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea, helping to bridge the gap between dentistry and sleep medicine. He is a Past President of the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine and has served as a consultant to the American Dental Association on sleep-related breathing disorders. He is also the Sleep Education Director for both Spear Education and The Pankey Institute, two of the most respected educational institutions in dentistry. Dr. Carstensen has lectured internationally, co-authored a leading textbook on dental sleep medicine, and has been instrumental in advancing interdisciplinary collaboration among dentists, physicians, and other healthcare professionals in the treatment of airway and sleep disorders. In 2023, he received the Distinguished Service Award from the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine in recognition of his exceptional leadership and contributions to the field. In 2026, he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (FAASM), one of the organization's highest professional honors recognizing significant contributions to sleep medicine.  _______________ ABOUT THE HOST:  Nicole Goldfarb, M.A. CCC, SLP- COM® is a Speech-Language Pathologist, Certified Orofacial Myologist, international speaker, and author. She has completed numerous presentations on orofacial myofunctional therapy as it relates to sleep-disordered breathing in both children and adults. She is the author of a 2023 article in Dental Sleep Practice Magazine “Why Every Dentist and Orthodontist Should Have an Orofacial Myofunctional Therapist on Their Team”, and she also wrote an article for Sleep World Magazine for sleep MDs, respiratory technicians, and other sleep specialists titled “Helping to Restore Proper Rest: How orofacial myofunctional therapy can aid in the treatment of sleep-disordered breathing”. She is also the author of a two-part chapter on orofacial myofunctional therapy in a medical textbook "Sleep, Craniofacial Form, and Airway Function Disorders" with the world renowned editors Dr. David Gozal, MD, Dr. Bill Harrell (orthodontist), and Dr. David McIntosh (ENT). Nicole is the author of a children’s book series “The Adventures Captain Airway and Mr. Mighty Mouth”, helping to bring airway insight to young children, their parents, teachers, and other medical professionals. She is the owner of San Diego Center For Speech Therapy & Myofunctional Therapy and serves as a mentor and consultant in the field of orofacial myofunctional therapy. Nicole’s life-long quest is to help in the early identification and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing and airway issues.  _________________  🎧𝐒𝐮𝐛𝐬𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐀𝐮𝐝𝐢𝐨 𝐏𝐨𝐝𝐜𝐚𝐬𝐭: https://airwayanswers.buzzsprout.com/2408017/follow  💻𝐂𝐡𝐞𝐜𝐤 𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐖𝐞𝐛𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐬: www.AirwayAnswers.info  💻𝐂𝐡𝐞𝐜𝐤 𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐖𝐞𝐛𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐬: www.SanDiegoCenterForSpeechTherapy.com  📩𝐄𝐦𝐚𝐢𝐥: Nicole@AirwayAnswers.info  👉𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐮𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐅𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐛𝐨𝐨𝐤: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61565074499503  👉𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐮𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦: https://www.instagram.com/sandiegospeechandmyotherapy/ 👉𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐮𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐓𝐢𝐤𝐓𝐨𝐤: https://www.tiktok.com/@airway.answers

    Ep. 75: "Bridging the Gap Between Dentistry & Sleep Medicine: Oral Appliances, Patient Values, & Comprehensive Care with Dr. Steve Carstensen, DDS"
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Nicole Goldfarb is a Speech-Language Pathologist & Certified Orofacial Myologist, providing information through "Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb". She interviews professionals in the field of sleep & airway in order to get all of our questions answered.  This series is for both professionals and those interested in sleep & airway issues. ⚠️ 𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐂𝐋𝐀𝐈𝐌𝐄𝐑: NO MEDICAL OR DENTAL ADVICE. Nicole Goldfarb and Airway Answers with Nicole Goldfarb does not give medical advice. The information provided in this video is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding your health or a medical condition. Reliance on any information provided in this video is solely at your own risk. We make no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the information presented. You should not use these materials to diagnose or treat any health issues, illnesses or diseases. In addition, we do not recommend or endorse any provider of health care or health-related products, items, or services.

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