FoundMyFitness Rhonda Patrick, Ph.D.

In this episode, Dr. Rhonda Patrick discuss all things vitamin C. This episode covers oral bioavailability, intravenous vitamin C bioavailability, immune cell function, common cold and other viral infections, lung function, sepsis, pneumonia, inflammation, intravenous vitamin C and cancer, role in exercise, safety concerns, and so, so much more!
Episode Timeline (abridged)
00:07:33 - Background on vitamin C 00:17:09 - Bioavailability of vitamin C [including dosing frequency] 00:22:53 - Vitamin C in the context of the common cold 00:28:09 - Vitamin C and lung function 00:35:54 - Vitamin C in the context of exercise [includes discussion of blunting of exercise adaptation] 00:45:51 - Vitamin C and fatty acid oxidation, including relevance in obesity 00:48:44 - Vitamin C and the brain 00:51:15 - Intravenous Vitamin C and its use for the treatment of certain kinds of infection 00:55:33 - Intravenous Vitamin C and cancer 00:57:40 - Effect of Vitamin C on fertility and reproduction 00:58:36 - Intravenous vitamin C and cardiovascular health 01:00:42 - Vitamin C and inflammation 01:02:38 - Vitamin C’s mechanisms of action 01:08:34 - Intravenous and Oral vitamin C safety 01:10:20 - Vitamin C intake and kidney stone risk 01:13:57 - Conclusions Get the full timeline, show summary, and all references for this episode by clicking here.
View our new 28-page vitamin C overview article with over 190 references by clicking here.
Premium membership: Members enjoy extra science emails twice per month, my monthly Question & Answer sessions, and a whole lot more. Support the show and get cool perks, that's the bottom line. Click here to learn more about premium membership.

This episode features Dr. Rhonda Patrick answering some of the most popular questions related to COVID-19. Look for another COVID-19-focused Q&A, coming soon.
Some of the questions we selected from the batch to cover in this episode include:
00:02:36 - Are children and infants susceptible to COVID-19? Are some more susceptible to a more severe form of the disease? Are they carriers of it and possibly spreading transmission? 00:11:00 - Can you explain a little about hydroxychloroquine as possibly treating COVID-19? How does it work? Does it have to do with it being a zinc ionophore? 00:17:58 - Can you talk about quercetin's role as a zinc ionophore? 00:20:51 - Is there any indication blood type influences COVID-19 risk? 00:24:52 - Would you shed light on the conversation regarding vitamin D upregulating ACE2 receptors and vitamin D's influence on susceptibility to COVID19 infection? 00:43:45 - Can you discuss whether sauna use might help prevent COVID19? 00:52:55 - Is it true that high dose intravenous vitamin C might help treat COVID-19? 01:04:35 - What are your thoughts on melatonin being a potential factor for impacting the severity of the virus via its effects on inflammation and oxidative stress? To supplement this podcast Q&A, we’ve also made a video, summary, timeline, and references. You can view all of these on the episodes page on my website at foundmyfitness.com/episodes/covid-19-qa-1.

If you enjoy this question & answer format, consider joining my premium membership community! Non-COVID-19 related Q&As happen monthly, you get access to an an exclusive bi-weekly science digest email, and much more more! Click here to learn about premium.

This episode was originally recorded for The Kevin Rose Show. Given some of the unique discussions we had, I had no choice but to ask the great Kevin Rose if he would let me re-post it over here on the FoundMyFitness podcast feed. A request which he graciously obliged.
In this episode, we discuss...
00:08:00 - Omega-3 00:27:23 - Metformin 00:50:05 - Sulforaphane 01:06:57 - Magnesium L-Threonate 01:13:44 - Sauna 01:23:48 - New FMF Membership Learn more about the new premium membership.
Learn more about sauna on our overview page.
Learn more about metformin on our overview page.
Learn more about Kevin Rose at his website or on his Twitter @kevinrose. You can also subscribe to either of his two podcasts:
Kevin Rose Show Foundation by True Ventures

In this episode, Rhonda gives a summary of the science of resveratrol including its effects in animals and humans, mechanisms, and the bottom line on resveratrol supplementation and safety.
Learn more about resveratrol at our comprehensive overview
Relevant timepoints...
00:03:39 - Clinical effects of resveratrol in humans 00:04:10 - Effects on cardiovascular health biomarkers in humans 00:06:54 - Reduction of inflammatory biomarkers in humans 00:08:11 - Improved cognition and memory in clinical studies 00:11:23 - Healthspan improvements in animals 00:12:28 - Induction of longevity genes via xenohormesis 00:16:19 - Contradictory effects on exercise-associated benefits 00:20:34 - Various factors that affect resveratrol bioavailability 00:23:09 - Unintentional effects on drug metabolism Get earlier access with the premium members early access podcast feed, monthly Q&A sessions, an exclusive bi-weekly science digest email, and more! Click here to learn about premium.
Click here to sign-up for a three issue trial of the bi-monthly science digest.

In this episode, Rhonda describes NAD+ (perhaps one of the most important molecules in the human body), why it is so important for aging, and why it declines with age. She discusses some of the popular NAD+ boosters like nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide, explains what the animal and human data say, discusses some of the concerns associated with using these boosters, and provides some concluding thoughts.
Learn more about NAD+ Learn more about nicotinamide riboside Learn more about nicotinamide mononucleotide Learn more about sirtuins Get earlier access with the premium members early access podcast feed, monthly Q&A sessions, an exclusive bi-weekly science digest email, and more! Click here to get started.

David A. Sinclair, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and co-director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging. He is the co-founder of the journal Aging, where he serves as co-chief editor.
Dr. Sinclair's work focuses on understanding the mechanisms that drive human aging and identifying ways to slow or reverse aging's effects. In particular, he has examined the role of sirtuins in disease and aging, with special emphasis on how sirtuin activity is modulated by compounds produced by the body as well as those consumed in the diet, such as resveratrol. His work has implications for human metabolism, mitochondrial and neurological health, and cancer.
In this episode, we discuss...
00:17:59 - How caloric restriction, fasting, and exercise increase levels of a molecule called NAD+ and how this activates sirtuins, a family of genes involved in longevity. 00:21:47 - How NAD+ levels and sirtuin activities decrease with age, and how animal studies suggest that raising cellular NAD+ levels can trick the body into thinking it is younger. 00:23:03 - How resveratrol enhances the binding of sirtuins to NAD+ thus making sirtuins more easily activated for a longer period. 00:27:36 - We also discuss Steve Horvath's epigenetic aging clock, which measures DNA methylation groups, and how they may play a role in widespread gene regulation, including sirtuin genes, and how NAD+ may participate in resetting the clock. 00:31:54 - How the signal that resets the epigenetic clock in mice involves the Yamanaka factors -- a group of four transcription factors that can reprogram an adult cell to become a pluripotent stem cell that can form any cell type. 00:46:48 - How resveratrol is a xenohormetic compound and is produced when grape plants are stressed either in response to fungus or lack of water. 00:55:35 - How a phase 2 clinical trial involving people with Alzheimer's disease showed resveratrol improved cognitive function, improved cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta levels, lowered markers of activated microglia, and more. 00:58:03 - How both nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide have been shown to improve cognitive function and brain pathology in mice that have been engineered to get a disease similar to Alzheimer's disease. 01:06:19 - How older mice that were given nicotinamide mononucleotide experienced delayed aging in the liver, muscle, immune cells, eyes, and bones, but those that took a lower dose had improved mitochondrial function and enhanced physical performance. 01:01:22 - How there may be challenges in translating animal studies on nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide to humans particularly due to the need to determine the dose required to promote health benefits. And so much more! Click here to get this episode's show notes and transcript

Watch this episode's highlights on the FMF Clips channel
Get early access with the premium members early access podcast feed, monthly Q&A sessions, an exclusive bi-weekly science digest email, and more! Click here to get started.
Submit your raw genetic data to get the latest version of the genetic report at foundmyfitness.com/genetics.