Subscribe Apple | Google | Spotify | Stitcher | iHeart Support The Daily Gardener Patreon Buy Me A Coffee Connect for FREE! The Friday Newsletter | Daily Gardener Community Today's Show Notes The garden writer Jamaica Kincaid once said, "I always take this personally — I think a frost is something someone is doing to me. Only me." If your spring is still cold and slow in coming, you might know what she means. Even now. Far into May. Some of us watch the sky with suspicion. The soil has warmed. Mostly. The light is long. Mostly. But there's still that moment in the morning. When you step outside and check. Just check. Whether everything made it through the night. It's what gardeners do. Until the nighttime temperatures are reliably warmer. That moment can take a little longer than we'd like. But it will happen soon. And until it does, gardeners need to be vigilant. Today's Garden History 1911 Cyrus Pringle died in Burlington, Vermont. He was seventy-three years old. Cyrus was born on May 6, 1838, in East Charlotte, Vermont. His father, George, died on Cyrus's fifth birthday. A fever epidemic swept through the community. As a boy, Cyrus wandered the woods alone. Writing poetry. Collecting plants. In 1859, Cyrus enrolled at the University of Vermont. He hoped to study writing. But before the semester was over, his brother died. And Cyrus returned home. To manage the farm for his widowed mother. In 1862, Cyrus joined the Society of Friends. And became a Quaker. There, he met a young teacher named Almira Greene. Four months after they married, Cyrus was drafted to serve in the Civil War. Reporting for duty as a resister, Cyrus would not carry a musket or even serve in a hospital. Yet when his uncle offered to pay the $300 fee to free him from service, Cyrus refused. Calling it blood money. On October 3, 1863, at a camp in Culpeper, Virginia, two sergeants led Cyrus from his tent. Forced him onto his back on wet ground. And tied his wrists and ankles to four stakes. In the shape of an X. Even when they threatened to kill him, Cyrus refused to yield. That night, he wrote in his diary: "It can but give me pain to be asked or required to do anything I believe to be wrong." And then Cyrus wrote one more line: "This has been the happiest day of my life — to be privileged to fight the battle for universal peace." When President Lincoln heard what happened, he personally saw to Cyrus's release. After weeks spent recovering from his ordeal, Cyrus and Almira welcomed a daughter. Anne, born in 1864. But soon after, Almira filed for divorce. She had no desire to be a botanist's wife, and he had no desire to give it up. In a moment of self-reflection, he wrote: "I have sought to surround myself with fruits and to find in Horticulture employment for my hands, recreation for my impaired body and relaxation and diversion for my mind." In 1858, he followed in the footsteps of his father and grandfather and started his first nursery, where he grew a pear orchard and other fruit trees, currants, cherries, grapes, peaches, and potatoes. He crossed. Bred. And experimented with many types of crops. Somewhere in those years, Cyrus changed his last name. From Prindle to Pringle. The name his Scottish ancestors carried before crossing the Atlantic. Over the next twenty-six years, Cyrus collected plants in Vermont, the western part of the United States, and south to Mexico, where he returned again and again. Pressing the flowers of an entire continent into paper. In four consecutive years, he covered fifty-six thousand miles. Eventually, between his plant hunting expeditions and his work hybridizing, Cyrus lost his farm to debt. So in 1902, the University of Vermont gave Cyrus a room on the fourth floor of Williams Science Hall. A cot. A desk. A chair. And space for his herbarium. There, Cyrus lived on bread, eggs, and cheese. He needed nothing else. In May of 1911, Cyrus fell ill. A cold soon became pneumonia. In his last delirious hours, he believed he was in Mexico again. Collecting flowers. And reliving his happiness there. After Cyrus died on this day, May 25, 1911, his family buried him in Morningside Cemetery in Charlotte. They placed the old Prindle family name on his marker. But later, on the east side of that same stone, the scientific community added a bronze tablet. With the name Pringle. And the words of Asa Gray: Cyrus Pringle, the prince of plant collectors. 1789 Anders Dahl died in Turku, Finland. He was thirty-eight years old. Anders grew up in Varnhem, Sweden. The son of a parish priest who also served as the village doctor. His father took him into the meadows. And showed him that a weed was never just a weed. A plant could be a cure. A sign of the season. Or even a coded message. If he learned how to read it. When Anders was nine years old, his uncle, a local apothecary named Anders Silvius, gave him his first herbarium. Pressed, dried plants. Each one labeled. At eighteen, he arrived at Uppsala University. To study under Carl Linnaeus himself. The man who organized all of nature into a single clear system. Anders revered Linnaeus. And quickly became one of his Apostles. The students Linnaeus sent across the earth to collect and classify everything that grew. Then in 1771, Anders's father died. He left the university and his degree unfinished. And spent the next decade as a hired curator. Organizing other men's collections. Doing the work that made them famous. Then Linnaeus died in 1778. And just a few years later, Anders watched Linnaeus's widow sell her husband's entire collection to England. Fourteen thousand plants. Thousands of letters. Gone. That's when Anders sprang into action. He labeled every duplicate specimen in his possession. Marking them like relics in his own careful hand: from Linnaeus. In all, there were around six thousand specimens. And each one was a testimony to work that had all happened first on Swedish soil. Before it was taken to England. In 1787, Anders carried all of it to Turku, Finland. Where he finally had a professorship. And something of his own to build. He died two years later. Succumbing to a terrible strain of pneumonia. He was thirty-eight years old. Two years after he died, the Spanish botanist Antonio José Cavanilles received seeds from Mexico. For a flower no one in Europe had ever seen. While he was alive, Anders and Cavanilles had never met. But the botanist Carl Peter Thunberg had written to Cavanilles. Twenty-four letters. Sharing news of Swedish botany. Including Anders's final published work. And that's why, when the flower bloomed in Madrid in 1791, Cavanilles named it for Anders. In a single Latin phrase: In honorem D. Andreae Dahl, sueci Botanici. In honor of Mr. Anders Dahl, Swedish botanist. Unearthed Words In today's Unearthed Words, we hear a poem from the American poet Theodore Roethke. Born on this day in 1908 in Saginaw, Michigan. Theodore grew up inside his father's greenhouse. Twenty-five acres of glass. Steam. And things reaching toward the light. Otto Roethke was not a man of words. He was a man of hands. Pruning. Pressing. Tamping. Turning. It's no wonder that Theodore said he wrote this poem from the perspective of a very small child. No comment. No interpretation. Just a boy, beside his father, learning every sound by heart. In Theodore's poem Transplanting, Theodore wrote: Watching hands transplanting, Turning and tamping, Lifting the young plants with two fingers, Sifting in a palm-full of fresh loam,-- One swift movement,-- Then plumping in the bunched roots, A single twist of the thumbs, a tamping, and turning, All in one, Quick on the wooden bench, A shaking down, while the stem stays straight, Once, twice, and a faint third thump,-- Into the flat-box, it goes, Ready for the long days under the sloped glass: The sun warming the fine loam, The young horns winding and unwinding, Creaking their thin spines, The underleaves, the smallest buds Breaking into nakedness, The blossoms extending Out into the sweet air, The whole flower extending outward, Stretching and reaching. Theodore was fourteen when his dad died. The greenhouse was sold. And the bench was long gone by the time he became a writer. Theodore spent the rest of his life getting back to that bench. The once, twice, and the faint third thump. The memory of a movement he never forgot. Book Recommendation How Not to Kill a Peony: An Owner's Manual by Stephanie J. Weber Peonies have a reputation for being fussy. Temperamental. The kind of plant you admire at the nursery. And quietly put back. Stephanie Weber wrote this book to fix that. It's ninety-eight pages. Plainspoken. Practical. With real outdoor photos at every stage. Stephanie covers everything. How to choose a variety that won't flop after rain. How to dig and divide. How to cut fresh buds and cold-store them for up to seven weeks. And how to deal with aphids without reaching for chemicals. And Stephanie is exactly the right person to write this. Back in 2006, she and her husband Mike planted twelve hundred peonies. Forty varieties. In twenty-two rows on half an acre in Indiana. Their intent was to grow them for resale. What Stephanie discovered in the decade that followed is that most people know almost nothing about peonies. She would launch into her standard explanation. And watch people's eyes glaze over. With boredom bordering on fear. The problem, Stephanie says, is timing. Peonies bloom in May. But they're planted in fall. You fall in love with the flower. And then discover you have to go home. And wait six months. For an ugly bare root. Stephanie calls this the want/get gap. She wrote: "You are in the mood for a peony in May, when they're in bloom, but you can't get your hands on a root u