When Norman Kraft took over the company he wanted to leave his mark. I think he succeeded. What do you think? Dave Young: Welcome to the Empire Builders Podcast, teaching business owners the not so secret techniques that took famous businesses from mom and pop to major brands. Stephen Semple is a marketing consultant, story collector and storyteller. I’m Stephen’s sidekick and business partner, Dave Young. Before we get into today’s episode, a word from our sponsor, which is… Well, it’s us, but we’re highlighting ads we’ve written and produced for our clients. So, here’s one of those. [Wagmore Garage Door Ad] Dave Young: Welcome back to the Empire Builders Podcast. Dave Young here. Stephen Semple is sitting here and just told me that we’re… You keep… Man, do you know how to dial into my childhood, Stephen? Stephen Semple: It’s all about you, Dave. Dave Young: It is. Stephen Semple: It’s all about you. Dave Young: I don’t want to make it about me, but it always is. It’s the Swiss Miss and the… So, he’s like, “It’s not the company, but it’s the product inside the company.” We’re going to talk about Kraft Singles. Stephen Semple: Yes. Dave Young: I’m assuming we’re talking about cheese… Stephen Semple: Yes. Dave Young: … or the American cheese product, whatever that means. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Dave Young: But my God, did I eat a lot of cheese as a kid? I don’t know why. My mom would just let me, my sister sit in front of the TV and grab a stack of Kraft Singles and watch Gilligan’s Island and all the things that were on TV right after school. So, we had a dachshund who knew what a Kraft Single being opened sounded like. Stephen Semple: Oh, that does not surprise me. Dave Young: Right. Is like, “Oh, someone is opening some cheese.” Stephen Semple: You have my attention now. Dave Young: I might get myself a little bite. So, today we’re going to learn about the Kraft Singles story. Stephen Semple: Yeah, and I know it’s a bit unusual because Kraft is a massive company and was a massive company even at the time that this was created, but they were going through a bit of a problem. And I just thought there was some innovative ideas inside the development of Kraft Singles. And look, they sell billions of slices every year. It’s like, look how recognizable it was. Kraft Singles. “Oh, you’re talking about the cheese thing that’s wrapped in the plastic and…” Talk about recognized. Whether you eat the product, like the product, don’t like the product, we all know what it is. The moment I say it, everyone would know what it is. It was very much driven by a change that was happening in the world and a bunch of things that Kraft had recognized because the Second World War has ended and basically what ends up happening was the baby boom. And instead of roughly two million births a year, suddenly the country is having three and a half million births a year, 60% increase. That changes everything. Schools overcrowded, new classrooms being built, neighborhoods appear overnight, but there’s also the whole thing of feeding the kids. School lunch programs were still developing. Kids brought lunch from home, and these lunches were uninspiring. They were yesterday’s pork chops. They were deviled eggs. They were bologna sandwiches. It’s just they were boring, and convenience hadn’t yet caught up to the sandwiches that kids were taking to school. So, it’s the late 1940s. Kraft wasn’t a small food company. It was the largest cheese company in the world. It was primarily cheese at that point, and it was selling roughly a million pounds of cheese a day, generating tens of millions of dollars. So, they were big. And James Kraft had built the company around processed cheese, the product that kind of spoilage and consistency. That’s what the business was built on. But after James retired, the leadership passed to his brother, Norman Kraft. And Norman wanted to make his mark on the business, and he noticed something. What he noticed was… This is the thing I found interesting. He looked at it and he went, “Wait a minute. Pre-sliced bread has changed the bread industry.” Wonder Bread, pre-sliced bread. Dave Young: Yeah, yeah, yeah. So, wait. When Norman took over, they weren’t even slicing cheese. They were just- Stephen Semple: No. Dave Young: … selling cheese. Stephen Semple: Correct. Dave Young: Okay. So, this is way before they were wrapping them individually. Stephen Semple: Correct. Correct. Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: They were just basically selling cheese. And he looked at it and he said, “Well, there’s pre-sliced bread, and people seem to really like that. What if we could do cheese as easy?” Dave Young: And you know how hard it is to slice a single piece of cheese the size of a Kraft Single? Stephen Semple: It’s really hard. Dave Young: That’s no easy task. Yeah. Stephen Semple: Right, because the- Dave Young: You need a wire or something. Right? Yeah. Stephen Semple: Well, and it crumbles, and it falls apart, and it dries out. So, the engineering challenge of slicing wasn’t actually easy, wasn’t actually easy. And what they discovered was it’s about when to slice. Dave Young: Ah, okay. Stephen Semple: So, what they did was… What the Kraft research team discovered was this elegant solution. Instead of waiting for the cheese to cool completely, they would spread the molten processed cheese across a massive chilled stainless surface and the cheese cooled in the perfectly even slices. Dave Young: Oh, wow. Okay. Stephen Semple: Those slices were then flattened and cut into perfectly uniform three-inch squares. Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: So, they made it the size to fit into a standard slice of bread. So, he looked at what’s a standard slice of bread. Cheese should fit into that. Brilliant, brilliant. The product launched not as Kraft Singles. There’s another interesting thing. It launched as Kraft Deluxe. Dave Young: Kraft Deluxe? Stephen Semple: It was eight perfectly sliced pieces in a block, first product of its kind. And guess how well it did? Dave Young: I don’t know. Stephen Semple: Failed. Dave Young: Well, because I remember before we had Singles, we’re buying that. We’re buying a block of Kraft cheese that you just had to peel them off. Stephen Semple: Yeah, but the thing is nobody noticed, and here was the problem. Dave Young: Nobody noticed it was sliced. Is that what you saying, [inaudible 00:06:55]? Stephen Semple: Right, the packaging held the innovation. The name held the innovation. Kraft Deluxe, what’s that mean? Dave Young: Yeah. Stephen Semple: So, what consumers saw was a block of cheese. They couldn’t tell it was already sliced because they didn’t even know to look for it being already sliced. The biggest advantage was invisible. Sales suffered. Between 1949 and 1950, the Kraft cheese business declined by almost $8 million. Dave Young: Stay tuned. We’re going to wrap up this story and tell you how to apply this lesson to your business right after this. [Using Stories To Sell] Dave Young: Let’s pick up our story where we left off. And trust me, you haven’t missed a thing. Stephen Semple: Between 1949 and 1950, the Kraft cheese business declined by almost $8 million. Dave Young: Okay. Just they were having trouble letting people know that this cheese is already sliced and easy to grab one and put it on a piece of bread. Stephen Semple: By 1962, more than a decade later, sliced cheese blocks still had not caught on. Dave Young: All right. Stephen Semple: And the product wasn’t failing because people disliked it. The product was failing because people didn’t understand it. Dave Young: What’s Norman going to do here? Stephen Semple: Well, he realized something- Dave Young: I’m rooting for him. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Well, what he realized was something profound. People don’t buy invisible innovation. That’s the problem. People couldn’t immediately see the convenience, so therefore, the convenience didn’t exist. His answer was simple, what he decided to do. Now, here’s what he decided to do according to the documentation, but I actually think there’s a secondary reason why it suddenly became successful. He decided to wrap every slice individually. Now, each slice announced its own benefit. Right? Dave Young: Sure. Yeah. Stephen Semple: That’s what he decided to do. No explanation required. However, when they did that, they also changed the name from Kraft Deluxe to Kraft Singles. Now, I believe, I believe, y