Machine Minds

Greg Toroosian

Machine Minds - the minds behind the machines! This is the show where we dive deep into the intricate worlds of robotics, AI, and Hard Tech. In each episode, we bring you intimate conversations with the founders, investors, and trailblazers who are at the heart of these tech revolutions. We dig into their journeys, the challenges they've overcome, and the breakthroughs that are shaping our future. Join us as we explore how these machine minds are transforming the way we live, work, and understand our world. 

  1. Making Material Movement Autonomous with Michael Lawrence

    21h ago

    Making Material Movement Autonomous with Michael Lawrence

    Autonomous forklifts and pallet jacks may generate plenty of headlines, but the real challenge isn't building robots that can move. It's building solutions that fit seamlessly into existing operations, deliver measurable ROI, and earn customer trust over years of deployment. Michael Lawrence, Director of Sales and Business Development at Anantak Robotics, joins Greg to discuss what it actually takes to bring autonomous material handling systems into warehouses and manufacturing environments. Drawing on a career that spans electrical engineering, entrepreneurship, robotics, and commercial strategy, Michael shares why successful automation is as much about partnerships, process design, and customer education as it is about technology. At Anantak Robotics, Michael helps bridge the gap between technical capability and operational reality, helping customers deploy autonomous tuggers, pallet jacks, and forklifts that solve real-world material movement challenges without forcing facilities to redesign how they work. In this conversation, Greg and Michael explore: Why many robotics companies underestimate the importance of business ecosystems, service networks, and partnerships when bringing automation to marketThe lessons Michael learned building his first autonomous construction equipment company and how they shaped his view of commercializationWhy warehouse automation sales cycles often take years, not months, and what separates successful deployments from stalled pilot projectsHow Anantak approaches autonomous material handling with tuggers, pallet jacks, and forklifts designed for existing warehouse and manufacturing environmentsThe importance of fitting into customer workflows rather than forcing facilities to adapt to the technologyWhere autonomous material movement delivers the fastest ROI and why clearly defined operating procedures accelerate adoptionWhat "practical autonomy" looks like in messy, real-world environments filled with variability, edge cases, and imperfect conditionsWhy customer champions, change management, and operator feedback are critical ingredients for long-term deployment successThe role of humans in the loop and why robots are best viewed as tools that eliminate repetitive tasks rather than replace peopleCommon misconceptions customers have about warehouse automation and how education helps close the expectation gapWhy Michael believes many robotics companies focus on building technically impressive products instead of solving the problems customers actually care aboutHis perspective on humanoid robots, material handling automation, and where the industry is headed over the next decadeHow consolidation, improved capabilities, and growing customer familiarity could drive the next major wave of warehouse automation adoptionFor anyone building robotics companies, deploying automation, or trying to understand what separates hype from real-world value creation, this episode offers a grounded look at how practical autonomy is reshaping material handling operations one deployment at a time. Learn more about Anantak Robotics: Website: anantak.comEmail: sales@anantak.comLinkedIn: linkedin.com/company/anantak-roboticsConnect with Michael Lawrence on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mglaw/ Connect with Greg Toroosian on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregtoroosian/

    45 min
  2. Building the Foundation Model for Construction with Francesco Iorio

    Jun 3

    Building the Foundation Model for Construction with Francesco Iorio

    Construction is one of the world’s largest industries, yet much of the design process still depends on manual coordination, long hours, and workflows that struggle to keep pace with growing project complexity. Francesco “Frio” Iorio, co-founder and CEO of Augmenta, joins Greg to explore how AI-native design tools could fundamentally reshape the future of construction, engineering, and collaboration across the built environment. Before founding Augmenta, Frio spent years working in computational science, generative design, and advanced AI systems at Autodesk Research. His experience applying artificial intelligence to manufacturing, aerospace, and simulation eventually led him toward one of the hardest design problems imaginable: construction. At Augmenta, he and his team are building AI systems capable of generating detailed construction blueprints for electrical systems and eventually entire buildings, helping contractors and engineers dramatically compress timelines while reducing burnout and coordination overhead. In this conversation, Greg and Frio explore: Why construction presents a fundamentally different AI challenge than software or manufacturing, and why design in the built environment has “no amortization”How Augmenta’s AI generates construction-ready electrical blueprints from scratch, similar to how AI coding agents generate softwareWhy building design is ultimately a geometry, constructability, and real-world reasoning problem rather than a language problemThe hidden complexity of “unwritten rules” in construction, and how AI must learn the field knowledge that experienced foremen and electricians develop over decadesHow AI-driven design can reduce weeks of coordination work into days or even hours on hospitals, data centers, and other mission-critical infrastructure projectsWhy contractor burnout, labor shortages, and compressed schedules are accelerating demand for AI-powered workflowsThe challenge of building trust with contractors and field teams, and why deep customer collaboration became essential to Augmenta’s product developmentWhat Augmenta’s five-year strategic partnership with EJ Electric signals about the broader construction industry’s readiness for advanced AI adoptionHow AI could reshape collaboration between engineers, contractors, owners, and specialty trades by compressing pre-construction timelines and improving coordinationWhy Frio believes the biggest impact of AI in construction will not just be automation, but a fundamental restructuring of how projects are delivered and how companies operateFor anyone interested in AI for physical industries, construction technology, or the future of engineering workflows, this episode offers a deep look into how intelligent systems could transform the way buildings are designed and delivered. Learn more about Augmenta: https://www.augmenta.ai/https://www.linkedin.com/company/augmenta-ai/posts/?feedView=allConnect with Francesco Iorio on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/francescoiorio/ Connect with Greg on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregtoroosian/

    46 min
  3. Robots Don’t Replace Work. They Redesign It. — with Michelle Lo

    May 27

    Robots Don’t Replace Work. They Redesign It. — with Michelle Lo

    As robotics and AI reshape manufacturing, the hardest challenge is often not the technology itself. It is helping people, processes, and entire organizations successfully adapt to it. GrayMatter Robotics is tackling that challenge head-on by building AI-powered automation systems designed for real-world manufacturing environments where variability, human expertise, and operational complexity are everywhere. Michelle Lo, Director of Customer Strategy and Success at GrayMatter Robotics, joins Greg to discuss what it actually takes to deploy automation in high-mix manufacturing environments. Drawing from her background in electric vehicles and industrial automation, Michelle shares why successful robotics adoption depends just as much on customer alignment, operator trust, and long-term partnership as it does on the robots themselves. Greg and Michelle explore the realities of manufacturing transformation, from backlog-driven demand and workforce shortages to the nuanced collaboration between humans and robots on the factory floor. They also unpack why configurable automation platforms are enabling faster deployment cycles, how manufacturers evaluate ROI beyond labor replacement, and why “perfect” automation is not always what customers actually want. Highlights: Michelle’s journey from EVs and automotive manufacturing into customer strategy and robotics at GrayMatter RoboticsWhy automation adoption is a long-term transformation journey rather than a one-time deploymentThe hidden labor shortages driving demand for automation across industries like aerospace, specialty vehicles, and industrial manufacturingHow GrayMatter Robotics partners directly with operators during deployment to improve adoption and long-term successThe difference between configurable automation platforms and fully custom systems and why deployment speed mattersWhy manufacturers evaluate robotics based on throughput, consistency, quality, and capacity rather than simple labor replacementLessons from real-world production environments where no two parts, surfaces, or workflows are ever exactly the sameHow AI-powered automation systems adapt to high-mix manufacturing environments with constantly changing variablesMichelle’s perspective on humanoid robots and why purpose-built industrial systems are often better suited for manufacturing tasksThe surprising reality that some customers intentionally want “imperfect” robotic finishes to preserve the familiar look and feel of legacy productsHow AI and predictive factory intelligence could optimize everything from workflow orchestration to production efficiency in the near futureWhat makes a successful automation partnership before, during, and after deploymentIf you are building automation for manufacturing, deploying robotics at scale, or navigating the human side of industrial transformation, this episode offers a grounded look at how AI-powered systems are changing the factory floor while keeping people at the center of the process. Learn more about GrayMatter Robotics: https://graymatter-robotics.com/https://www.linkedin.com/company/graymatter-robotics/https://x.com/GrayMatterRobotConnect with Michelle on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michlo/ Connect with Greg on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregtoroosian/

    42 min
  4. Conviction Before Consensus - Outlander VC with Paige Craig

    May 20

    Conviction Before Consensus - Outlander VC with Paige Craig

    From bootstrapping a defense intelligence startup with five credit cards to backing some of the most ambitious robotics and autonomy companies in the world, Paige Craig has built his career around one core belief: exceptional people matter more than polished ideas. In this conversation, Paige Craig, founder and managing partner of Outlander VC, joins Greg to unpack how his unconventional path through the Marine Corps, intelligence work, and entrepreneurship shaped his philosophy as an investor. Paige shares why he spends more time analyzing founders than products, how his team evaluates leadership under chaos, and why physical AI and robotics will define the next two decades of innovation. The discussion also dives deep into the realities of robotics deployment, the hidden complexity behind autonomy, and what separates founders who can survive the brutal transition from prototype to real-world scale. Highlights: Paige’s journey from a difficult childhood and military service to building and bootstrapping a multi-hundred-million-dollar intelligence companyWhy Outlander VC invests at the “pre-conception” stage, backing founders before products or customers existThe 38-point founder framework Outlander uses to evaluate vision, intelligence, character, and executionWhy great founders often emerge from hardship, high agency, and an obsession with solving problemsThe loneliness of leadership and why Paige believes the best investors act as true problem-solving partnersHow Outlander structures conviction-driven investing, including single-partner authority to write early checksWhy physical AI, robotics, and automation are entering a massive growth cycle driven by AI, manufacturing reshoring, and falling hardware costsThe biggest differences between investing in robotics versus pure software startupsWhy cheap, rapidly deployable robots often outperform “exquisite” high-cost systems in the race toward autonomyLessons from backing Coco Robotics and Havoc AI, including the realities of deploying robots into unpredictable real-world environmentsThe overlooked operational challenges of robotics businesses: supply chains, government relations, field operations, and human oversightWhy many robotics founders underestimate the difficulty of scaling hardware systems outside the labPaige’s perspective on defense tech investing, the influx of “tourist VCs,” and what founders should look for in strategic investorsThe leadership gaps technical founders often face as companies scale, and how mentorship can help engineering leaders grow into organizational leadership rolesWhy AI may fundamentally reshape the future role of engineering leadership and startup team structuresConnect with Paige Craig on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/paigecraig/ Learn more about Outlander VC: https://outlander.vc/ Connect with Greg Toroosian on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregtoroosian/

    53 min
  5. Building Robots People Trust: The Andromeda Vision with Grace Brown

    May 13

    Building Robots People Trust: The Andromeda Vision with Grace Brown

    From engineering-first robots to emotionally intelligent companions, Andromeda Robotics is redefining what human-robot interaction can look like in the real world. Grace Brown, founder and CEO of Andromeda Robotics, joins Greg to share her journey from a STEM-obsessed student in Australia to building one of the most distinctive companies in the humanoid robotics space. What started as a response to isolation during COVID has evolved into Abby, a social companion robot designed to bring meaningful connection into aged care environments. Rather than optimizing for flashy demos or industrial efficiency, Grace and her team are focused on something far more complex: building robots that people trust, relate to, and genuinely care about. In this conversation, she unpacks why emotional intelligence is the missing layer in robotics, how design and psychology shape adoption, and what it will take for humanoids to scale in human environments. Highlights: Grace’s early path into engineering and how a clear passion for math, physics, and problem-solving led her toward robotics from a young ageThe founding story of Andromeda Robotics and how strict COVID lockdowns in Australia exposed the real-world impact of lonelinessWhy Abby was designed as a character, not a tool, and how Pixar-inspired design principles drive trust and adoptionThe overlooked challenge of social acceptance in robotics and why capability alone is not enough to succeed in human environmentsReal-world deployments of Abby in aged care facilities and what the team has learned from observing how people actually interact with robotsThe importance of personalization in human-robot interaction, from voice tuning to behavioral adaptation for individual usersWhy emotional intelligence and “social awareness” will be critical for all robots working alongside humans, even outside consumer settingsThe interdisciplinary nature of building social robots, combining engineering, animation, healthcare insight, and operationsHow Grace thinks about hiring, from early generalists to later specialists, and why mission alignment is the most important filterThe concept of “anti-selling” during hiring to attract people who truly want ownership and responsibility in a startup environmentUsing AI agents internally to accelerate iteration speed and rethink how teams build and operate in modern startupsThe broader responsibility of shaping the future of robotics and why who builds this technology will determine its impact on societyLearn more about Andromeda Robotics: Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@AndromedaRoboticsWebsite: https://andromedarobotics.ai/LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/andromedarobotics/posts/?feedView=allConnect with Grace Brown: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/grace.jbrown/LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/grace-brown-619b59161/Connect with Greg Toroosian: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregtoroosian/

    42 min
  6. Rethinking Defect Detection in Modern Manufacturing with Matt Puchalski

    May 6

    Rethinking Defect Detection in Modern Manufacturing with Matt Puchalski

    From autonomous vehicles to factory floors, a new wave of vision technology is transforming how manufacturers think about quality. Bucket Robotics is at the center of that shift, bringing simulation-driven inspection systems to an industry long reliant on manual checks and outdated tooling. Matt Puchalski, founder and CEO of Bucket Robotics, joins Greg to share how his experience in self-driving cars shaped a fundamentally different approach to quality inspection. Instead of relying on expensive hardware or months of data collection, his team is using CAD-based simulation to generate training data instantly, unlocking faster deployment, lower costs, and more scalable automation. We explore why quality inspection remains one of the most painful bottlenecks in manufacturing, how legacy vision systems have failed to keep up, and what it takes to build robots that actually work outside of polished demos. Highlights: Matt’s journey from Georgia Tech and Michelin to autonomy startups and ultimately founding Bucket RoboticsWhy quality inspection is still one of the most manual, inconsistent, and frustrating parts of manufacturingThe core insight behind Bucket: applying self-driving car vision systems to factory environmentsHow CAD-based simulation replaces months of data collection with minutes of synthetic training dataThe “sim-to-real” challenge and why perception in changing lighting and environments is harder than it looksWhy most vision systems fail in production and how Bucket is designed for real-world robustness from day oneLessons from early market assumptions, including why medical device manufacturing was not the right starting pointThe economics of inspection: balancing cost, speed, and accuracy across high-mix and high-volume environmentsWhat makes a strong customer fit, from ambiguous defect definitions to expensive rework caught too lateCommon objections from manufacturers burned by legacy vision systems and how simulation changes the equationWhy labor shortages and supply chain reshoring are accelerating demand for automated quality solutionsHiring for empathy in robotics and why understanding the end operator matters more than credentialsThe importance of engineers who ship, not just prototype, and why early adopters beat bleeding edge thinkersHard-earned hiring lessons, especially the need for teams willing to travel and work onsite with customersWhere robotics is overhyped today, especially around deployment at scale versus polished demosWhy lightweight, lower-cost robotic systems are unlocking a new wave of practical automationMatt’s view on the future of manufacturing: a hybrid human and robotic workforce rather than full autonomyFounder reality: why building a company can feel easier than operating autonomous vehicles, but far more isolatingThe long-term vision for Bucket Robotics as the “cloud computing moment” for manufacturing quality systemsMatt's LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/matt-puchalski/ Bucket's LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/bucketrobotics/ Matt's email: matt@bucketrobotics.com Bucket's Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@Bucket_Robotics Connect with Greg Toroosian: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregtoroosian/

    50 min
  7. Building Factory SuperIntelligence with Ariyan Kabir

    Apr 29

    Building Factory SuperIntelligence with Ariyan Kabir

    From disaster response inspiration to reimagining the backbone of global manufacturing, GrayMatter Robotics is tackling one of the largest untapped opportunities in automation: bringing true autonomy to the 90% of factory work still done by hand. Ariyan Kabir, co-founder and CEO of GrayMatter Robotics, joins Greg to share how a firsthand experience with an earthquake in Bangladesh sparked his mission to build intelligent machines that can take on dangerous, tedious work. What started as a question about why robots were not helping in high-risk environments has evolved into a company building “factory superintelligence,” a full stack physical AI platform designed to transform how goods are made. In this conversation, Ariyan breaks down why traditional robotics has struggled in high variability environments, how GrayMatter is bridging the gap with multimodal sensing and foundation models for manufacturing, and why solving these challenges is critical not just for productivity, but for economic resilience and national security. Highlights: Ariyan’s journey from aspiring astronaut to robotics founder, and how a real world disaster shaped his mission to build intelligent, helpful machinesThe hidden reality of manufacturing, with nearly 90% of production still manual despite decades of automationThe core problem GrayMatter is solving, enabling robots to adapt to high variability in materials, environments, and processesWhy physical AI requires more than vision alone, and how multimodal sensing unlocks real world autonomyStarting with sanding as a strategic wedge, then expanding into grinding, painting, blasting, and inspection through transferable learningThe power of data, building one of the largest manufacturing datasets to train foundation models for materials and processesRobot scientists and domain specific AI agents that compress process optimization timelines from months to daysHow optimizing human, robot, and AI workflows can drive massive gains, including tripling throughput without adding robotsLessons from early deployment challenges, from consumables to real world variability, and how they shaped more intelligent systemsThe importance of an adoption playbook, and why deploying robotics successfully depends on process and people as much as technologyAriyan’s perspective on talent, why high agency and system level thinkers are the most valuable builders in the age of AIWhat is still missing in robotics today, and why domain specific intelligence layers are the next frontierA vision for the future, rapidly reconfigurable, fully autonomous factories that can adapt in real time to new products and global needsFor founders, engineers, and operators thinking about the future of manufacturing, this episode offers a deep dive into how physical AI will reshape the industrial world and why the race to build intelligent factories is just getting started. Learn more about GrayMatter Robotics: https://graymatter-robotics.com/https://www.linkedin.com/company/graymatter-robotics/posts/?feedView=allhttps://x.com/GrayMatterRobotConnect with Ariyan Kabir: https://x.com/ariyankabirhttps://www.linkedin.com/in/ariyankabir/Connect with Greg Toroosian: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregtoroosian/

    57 min
  8. From Robots to Revenue: Marketing That Actually Works in Automation with Kait Peterson

    Apr 22

    From Robots to Revenue: Marketing That Actually Works in Automation with Kait Peterson

    Warehouse automation is no longer a question of if, but when. As supply chains face growing pressure from labor shortages, unpredictable demand spikes, and rising customer expectations, robotics is becoming a critical lever for speed, accuracy, and resilience. Kait Peterson, VP and Head of Marketing at Locus Robotics, joins Greg to break down how modern warehouse automation is evolving from rigid, capital-intensive systems into flexible, scalable solutions that can adapt in real time. Drawing on 15 years in supply chain technology, Kait shares how robotics, data, and physical AI are reshaping fulfillment operations and why the next wave of adoption will look very different from the last. Kait brings a unique perspective at the intersection of marketing, robotics, and human-centered leadership. From making hundreds of cold calls selling warehouse software early in her career to helping scale one of the most recognized brands in warehouse automation, she has seen firsthand how the industry has shifted from skepticism to rapid acceleration. Now at Locus Robotics, she helps translate complex automation systems into clear business value while championing greater inclusion across the tech ecosystem. In this conversation, Greg and Kait explore: Kait’s journey from supply chain SaaS into robotics and how early exposure to warehouse operations shaped her approach to marketing and leadershipWhy flexibility is becoming the defining advantage in warehouse automation, especially for brownfield facilities that cannot afford disruptionHow Locus Robotics differentiates through its Robots as a Service model, combining deployment, maintenance, and continuous optimization into a single offeringThe role of physical AI and why data from billions of robot interactions is becoming a competitive moat in modern automationWhat success looks like for customers, from improved throughput and accuracy to better worker retention and operational scalabilityWhy marketing in robotics is fundamentally different from traditional B2C and SaaS, and how understanding customer problems outweighs technical specificationsThe shift from early skepticism to ROI-driven adoption and why automation decisions are now tied to short-term financial performanceHow category creation is shaping the market, including Locus’s push toward a new “robots to goods” paradigmThe importance of change management and why the most successful robotics deployments focus as much on people as they do on technologyWhy warehouse automation is still in its early innings, with the vast majority of facilities remaining unautomatedThe debate between humanoids and purpose-built robotics, and why solving specific problems may matter more than mimicking human formKait’s leadership philosophy, from building teams rooted in curiosity and collaboration to avoiding common hiring pitfallsHer perspective on increasing representation in robotics and why creating inclusive environments is critical to the industry’s futureFor anyone building, deploying, or evaluating automation in supply chain operations, this episode offers a practical and forward-looking view of where warehouse robotics is headed and what it takes to succeed in a rapidly evolving market. Learn more about Locus Robotics: https://locusrobotics.com/ Learn more about The Feminist Exec: https://www.feministexec.com/ Connect with Kait Peterson: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kaitvinson/ Connect with Greg Toroosian: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregtoroosian/

    53 min
5
out of 5
13 Ratings

About

Machine Minds - the minds behind the machines! This is the show where we dive deep into the intricate worlds of robotics, AI, and Hard Tech. In each episode, we bring you intimate conversations with the founders, investors, and trailblazers who are at the heart of these tech revolutions. We dig into their journeys, the challenges they've overcome, and the breakthroughs that are shaping our future. Join us as we explore how these machine minds are transforming the way we live, work, and understand our world. 

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